What do systematic reviews say?

Initial infusion rate of intravenous acetylcysteine over 15 minutes vs 60 minutes

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 180 participants
  Very low

Methionine and supportive treatment vs supportive treatment

Methionine and supportive treatment may leads to lower hepatotoxicity compared with supportive treatment (low certainty).

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.05 [0.01, 0.53]
  1 study · 26 participants
  Low

Initial infusion rate of intravenous acetylcysteine over 15 minutes vs 60 minutes

It is very uncertain whether initial infusion rate of intravenous acetylcysteine over 15 minutes changes hepatotoxicity compared with 60 minutes (very low certainty).

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.34 [0.39, 4.56]
  1 study · 175 participants
  Very low

Initial infusion rate of intravenous acetylcysteine over 15 minutes vs 60 minutes

Initial infusion rate of intravenous acetylcysteine over 15 minutes may leads to lower any adverse event compared with 60 minutes (low certainty).

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 0.51 [0.27, 0.96]
  1 study · 180 participants
  Low

Oral plus intravenous acetylcysteine vs intravenous acetylcysteine

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 40 participants
  Very low

Oral plus intravenous acetylcysteine vs intravenous acetylcysteine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Charcoal haemoperfusion vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether charcoal haemoperfusion changes mortality compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 7.39 [0.15, 372.38]
  1 study · 16 participants
  Very low

Cysteamine vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether cysteamine changes mortality compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.53 [0.05, 5.22]
  2 studies · 65 participants
  Very low

Cysteamine vs dimercaprol

It is very uncertain whether cysteamine changes mortality compared with dimercaprol (very low certainty).

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 0.14 [0, 6.82]
  1 study · 52 participants
  Very low

Cysteamine vs methionine (randomised trials)

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 27 participants
  Very low

Standard intravenous acetylcysteine regimen (20.5 hour) vs shorter intravenous acetylcysteine regimen (12 hour)

• Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 222 participants
  Very low

Higher vs lower amino acid intake

Higher showed no clear difference in mortality to hospital discharge compared with lower amino acid intake (low certainty).

• Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.9 [0.69, 1.17]
  14 studies · 1407 participants
  Low

Higher vs lower amino acid intake

It is very uncertain whether higher changes neurodevelopmental disability compared with lower amino acid intake (very low certainty).

• Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.04 [0.48, 2.23]
  2 studies · 201 participants
  Very low

Higher vs lower amino acid intake

It is very uncertain whether higher changes postnatal growth failure at discharge (weight < 10th centile) compared with lower amino acid intake (very low certainty).

• Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.74 [0.56, 0.97]
  3 studies · 203 participants
  Very low

Higher vs lower amino acid intake

• Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 291 participants
  Very low

Higher vs lower amino acid intake

• Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  4 studies · 315 participants
  Very low

Higher vs lower amino acid intake

Higher leads to higher abnormal blood urea nitrogen (various criteria) compared with lower amino acid intake (high certainty).

• Higher versus lower amino acid intake in parenteral nutrition for newborn infants 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.77 [2.13, 3.61]
  7 studies · 688 participants
  High

Antibiotics vs placebo

Antibiotics leads to higher severity or duration of different clinical symptoms: resolution of… compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.58 [1.13, 2.22]
  3 studies · 660 participants
  High

Antibiotics vs placebo

Antibiotics leads to higher side effects: total compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 2.21 [1.74, 2.82]
  10 studies · 1816 participants
  High

Antibiotics vs placebo

Antibiotics leads to higher side effects: diarrhoea compared with placebo (high certainty).

• Antibiotics for acute rhinosinusitis in adults 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  Peto OR 2 [1.41, 2.85]
  7 studies · 1210 participants
  High