Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,788 questions · 1,849 findings · 336 reviews

No studies found 245 · 13.3%GRADE not reported 126 · 6.8%Very low 612 · 33.1%Low 512 · 27.7%Moderate 305 · 16.5%High 49 · 2.7%

Adults: higher dose/longer course vs lower dose/shorter course

Exacerbations · Adults with acute asthma

It is very uncertain whether adults: higher dose/longer course changes new exacerbation in compared with lower dose/shorter course (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs short duration antibiotics

Recurrent asymptomatic bacteriuria ‐ all trials · patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether single‐dose antibiotic changes recurrent asymptomatic bacteriuria ‐ all trials compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs short duration antibiotics

Pyelonephritis ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only4 · patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy

It is very uncertain whether single‐dose antibiotic changes pyelonephritis ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only4 compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs short duration antibiotics

Low birthweight ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only · patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy

Single‐dose antibiotic leads to higher low birthweight ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs short duration antibiotics

Preterm delivery ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only · patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy

Single‐dose antibiotic showed no clear difference in preterm delivery ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs short duration antibiotics

Same antimicrobial agent ‐ No cure (good quality studies) · patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy

Single‐dose antibiotic leads to higher same antimicrobial agent ‐ No cure (good quality studies) compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐dose antibiotic vs short duration antibiotics

Different antimicrobial agents ‐ No cure (good quality studies) · patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy

Single‐dose antibiotic showed no clear difference in different antimicrobial agents ‐ No cure (good quality studies) compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Ambulation · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis with visceral metastasis, and no spinal instability or bony…

Single‐fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) showed no clear difference in ambulation One month after radiation compared with short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Reduction in analgesic and narcotic use One month after radiation · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis, no spinal instability or bony impingement of cord)

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in reduction in analgesic and narcotic use One month after radiation compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Urinary continence One month after radiation · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis, no spinal instability or bony impingement of cord)

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in urinary continence One month after radiation compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Local recurrence · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis, no spinal instability or bony impingement of cord)

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in local recurrence compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Adverse events Grade 3 oesophagitis, diarrhoea and nausea · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis, no spinal instability or bony impingement of cord)

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in adverse events Grade 3 oesophagitis, diarrhoea, and nausea compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Single‐fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Reduction in analgesic and narcotic use One month after radiation · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis with visceral metastasis, and no spinal instability or bony…

Single‐fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) showed no clear difference in reduction in analgesic and narcotic use One month after radiation compared with short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review