Children: higher dose/longer course showed no clear difference in new exacerbation during compared with lower dose/shorter course (low certainty).
Children: higher dose/longer course showed no clear difference in all adverse events compared with lower dose/shorter course (moderate certainty).
Adults: higher dose/longer course showed no clear difference in asthma symptoms Complete resolution by day 28 compared with lower dose/shorter course (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether adults: higher dose/longer course changes new exacerbation in compared with lower dose/shorter course (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether adults: higher dose/longer course changes all adverse events compared with lower dose/shorter course (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether single‐dose antibiotic changes no cure ‐ all trials compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether single‐dose antibiotic changes recurrent asymptomatic bacteriuria ‐ all trials compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether single‐dose antibiotic changes pyelonephritis ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only4 compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (very low certainty).
Single‐dose antibiotic leads to higher low birthweight ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (high certainty).
Single‐dose antibiotic showed no clear difference in preterm delivery ‐ Same antimicrobial agent only compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (moderate certainty).
Single‐dose antibiotic may leads to lower side effects ‐ all trials compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (low certainty).
Single‐dose antibiotic leads to higher same antimicrobial agent ‐ No cure (good quality studies) compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (high certainty).
Single‐dose antibiotic showed no clear difference in different antimicrobial agents ‐ No cure (good quality studies) compared with short‐course (four‐ to seven‐day) antibiotic (low certainty).
Single‐fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy) showed no clear difference in ambulation One month after radiation compared with short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy (moderate certainty).
Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in reduction in analgesic and narcotic use One month after radiation compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (moderate certainty).
Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in urinary continence One month after radiation compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (moderate certainty).
Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in local recurrence compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (low certainty).