Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

179 questions · 194 findings · 24 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 45 · 23.2%GRADE not reported 5 · 2.6%Very low 48 · 24.7%Low 35 · 18%Moderate 42 · 21.6%High 19 · 9.8%

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in death or BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Diastolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids probably leads to lower diastolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

General conceptual ability (GCA) score at 7 years The test has a standardisation mean of 100 and SD of 15 · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in general conceptual ability (GCA) score at 7 years The test has a… compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Systolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in systolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etanercept vs corticosteroids

Disease‐specific mortality ‐ not reported · Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and SJS/TEN overlap syndrome

Etanercept showed no clear difference in disease‐specific mortality (time to compared with corticosteroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review