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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

173 questions · 173 findings · 16 reviews · Hepato-Biliary

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No studies found 15 · 8.7%GRADE not reported 4 · 2.3%Very low 100 · 57.8%Low 42 · 24.3%Moderate 11 · 6.4%High 1 · 0.6%

Carvedilol vs beta‐blocker

Non‐serious adverse events · adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices

It is very uncertain whether carvedilol changes non‐serious adverse events compared with traditional, non‐selective beta‐blockers (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Carvedilol vs beta‐blocker

Haemodynamic treatment failure · adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices

It is very uncertain whether carvedilol changes haemodynamic treatment failure compared with traditional, non‐selective beta‐blockers (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate vs band ligation

Mortality Total of deaths and the end of · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate changes mortality Total of deaths and the end of compared with band ligation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate 1 mL vs cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL

Re‐bleeding Bleeding after initial success in the intervention · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate 1 mL changes re‐bleeding Bleeding after initial success in the intervention compared with cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate vs alcohol

Re‐bleeding Re‐bleeding after intervention · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate changes re‐bleeding Re‐bleeding after intervention compared with alcohol (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate vs band ligation

Re‐bleeding Re‐bleeding after the bleeding was controlled in the first intervention · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

Cyanoacrylate may leads to lower re‐bleeding Re‐bleeding after the bleeding was controlled in the… compared with band ligation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate vs band ligation

Complications (general) Number of total complications · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate changes complications (general) Number of total complications compared with band ligation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate 1 mL vs cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL

Total mortality Total deaths and the end of · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate 1 mL changes total mortality Total deaths and the end of compared with cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate 1 mL vs cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL

day ‐ mortality Mortality due to bleeding · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate 1 mL changes day ‐ mortality Mortality due to bleeding compared with cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate 1 mL vs cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL

Failure of intervention Continuous bleeding after intervention · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate 1 mL changes failure of intervention Continuous bleeding after intervention compared with cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cyanoacrylate 1 mL vs cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL

Complications (fever) Presence of fever · acute bleeding gastric varices in people with portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether cyanoacrylate 1 mL changes complications (fever) Presence of fever compared with cyanoacrylate 0.5 mL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Portosystemic shunts vs endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment

All‐cause mortality · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether portosystemic shunts changes all‐cause mortality compared with endoscopic intervention with or without medical treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Total shunt vs endoscopic intervention

Mortality due to rebleeding · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether total shunt changes mortality due to rebleeding compared with endoscopic intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Total shunt vs endoscopic intervention

Acute hepatic encephalopathy · participants with cirrhosis and with previous oesophagogastric variceal bleeding

It is very uncertain whether total shunt changes acute hepatic encephalopathy compared with endoscopic intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review