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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

346 questions · 375 findings · 54 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care

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No studies found 84 · 22.4%GRADE not reported 18 · 4.8%Very low 93 · 24.8%Low 103 · 27.5%Moderate 62 · 16.5%High 15 · 4%

Pharmaceutical care vs usual care

The proportion of patients with one or more potential prescribing omission (PPO) · older people receiving polypharmacy

It is very uncertain whether pharmaceutical care changes the proportion of patients with one or more potential prescribing… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Transfer to inpatient care Defined as referral for: presence of danger signs and failed appetite test on first day of treatment (Alvarez Moran 2018)b; appearance of severe signs of illness, persistent oedema, absence of weight gain in non‐oedemato... · children aged > 6 months and < 5 years with wasting

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes transfer to inpatient care Defined as referral for: presence of… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Whole‐facility changes: Home‐like models vs traditional environment

Depression Revised Memory and Behaviour Problems Checklist (RMBPC) and Mood Scale Score (MSS) (lower scores = better) · older adults living in long‐term residential care including, but not limited to, dementia‐specific care settings
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Prevalence of CMDs ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) Diagnosis defined by SRQ‐20 > 7b; PHQ‐9 ≥ 11d (RR < 1 denotes lower prevalence compared to control) · adults with common mental disorders

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions may leads to lower prevalence of CMDs ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Severity of CMD symptoms (including anxiety and depression) ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) Measured by PHQ‐9a,d,f; SRQ‐20b (higher score, higher severity) · adults with common mental disorders
1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Prevalence of PTSD · adults with post‐traumatic stress and CMDs

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led psychological interventions changes prevalence of PTSD ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months) Diagnosis… compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led psychological interventions vs usual care

Depression symptoms ‐ intermediate term (1 to 6 months post intervention) GHQ‐12a; PHQ‐9d,e,f; self‐reporting questionnaireh (higher score = higher severity) · adults with post‐traumatic stress and CMDs
1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Prevalence of adults with probable PTSD (1 to 6 months post intervention) Diagnosis defined by HTQ ≥ 1.75 (RR > 1 denotes lower prevalence compared to control) · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions may leads to higher prevalence of adults with probable PTSD (1 to 6 months post… compared with usual or no care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Anxiety and depression · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions may leads to higher prevalence of adults with probable depression or anxiety (1 to 6… compared with usual or no care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐led psychological interventions vs usual care or no treatment

Depression symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Hopkins Symptom Checklist ‐ depression (higher score = higher severity) · adults with post‐traumatic stress or common mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐led psychological interventions changes depression symptoms (1 to 6 months post intervention) Hopkins… compared with usual or no care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use vs enhanced usual care

Prevalence of methamphetamine use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1 denotes lower prevalence compared to control) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

Lay health worker‐led interventions for adult patients with harmful… showed no clear difference in prevalence of methamphetamine use (1 to 6 months post intervention)… compared with enhanced usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Cannabis use · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes prevalence of cannabis use (1 to 6 months post intervention) (RR < 1… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lay health worker‐ vs enhanced usual care

Clinical symptoms ‐ depression (1 to 6 months post intervention) · adult patients with alcohol dependence

It is very uncertain whether lay health worker‐led interventions changes clinical symptoms ‐ depression (1 to 6 months post intervention) compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review