What do systematic reviews say?

Antidepressants vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions (antidepressants) changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment Analysis 1.12 compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Pharmacological, psychological and non‐invasive brain stimulation interventions for preventing depression after stroke 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.25 [0.32, 4.91]
  9 studies · 496 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Compensative interventions changes extended activities of daily living (Mobility questionnaire and… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.49
  2 studies · 97 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions showed no clear difference in reading ability (Reading speed; various tests) After intervention compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.26
  4 studies · 162 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions may leads to higher quality of life (National Eye Institute Visual Function… compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 9.36 [3.1, 15.62]
  2 studies · 96 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions showed no clear difference in scanning ‐ cancellation (cancellation tests ‐ time to complete)… compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 97 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions may leads to higher adverse events (number of participants with reported events during… compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 5.18
  2 studies · 108 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Substitutive interventions changes functional ability in activities of daily living (Barthel Index)… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 39 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Substitutive interventions changes visual field (change in visual field area & change in error scores,… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.12 [0.44, 1.8]
  2 studies · 85 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Substitutive interventions changes extended activities of daily living (Change in EADL from baseline;… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  SMD 0.2
  2 studies · 99 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions showed no clear difference in reading ability compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 2.8
  1 study · 45 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Substitutive interventions changes falls (number of falls) After intervention compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.21 [0.26, 5.76]
  1 study · 39 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions showed no clear difference in quality of life (Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ‐25)) After… compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 8.4
  1 study · 43 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Substitutive interventions changes scanning ‐ cancellation (line cancellation errors) After intervention compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 9.8 [1.91, 17.69]
  1 study · 39 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions vs control

Summary of findings: Substitutive interventions may leads to higher adverse events (number of participants with reported events during… compared with control (low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 87.32 [4.87, 1564.66]
  1 study · 59 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: Compensative interventions vs control

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Compensative interventions changes visual field (Functional field score and relative change in visual… compared with control (very low certainty).

• Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 95 participants
  Very low

Educational or behavioural interventions for patients vs usual care

• Interventions for improving modifiable risk factor control in the secondary prevention of stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 1398 participants
  Moderate

Educational or behavioural interventions for patients vs usual care

• Interventions for improving modifiable risk factor control in the secondary prevention of stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  11 studies · 1398 participants
  Moderate

Educational or behavioural interventions for patients vs usual care

Educational or behavioural interventions for patients showed no clear difference in blood pressure target achievement compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Interventions for improving modifiable risk factor control in the secondary prevention of stroke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  OR 1.34 [0.7, 2.59]
  3 studies · 266 participants
  Moderate