Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

136 questions · 147 findings · 36 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 25 · 17%GRADE not reported 7 · 4.8%Very low 38 · 25.9%Low 52 · 35.4%Moderate 19 · 12.9%High 6 · 4.1%

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Birthweight (g) · pregnant women

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 320 participants
Low

Nutritional education vs no counselling or education during pregnancy

Gestational weight gain · pregnant women

1 finding from 1 review

Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 233 participants
Very low

Balanced nutritional supplement vs counselling or nutritional placebo

Energy intake · patients with reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 131 participants
Low

Balanced nutritional supplement vs counselling or nutritional placebo

Protein intake (g/day) · patients with reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 81 participants
Low

Balanced nutritional supplement vs counselling or nutritional placebo

Weight (kg) · patients with reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 233 participants
Moderate

Balanced nutritional supplement vs counselling or nutritional placebo

Fat mass measured in % of TBW · patients with reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 233 participants
Moderate

Balanced nutritional supplement vs counselling or nutritional placebo

Fat free mass · patients with reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 218 participants
Low

Balanced nutritional supplement vs counselling or nutritional placebo

CD4 cell count · patients with reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 81 participants
Low

Balanced nutritional supplement vs counselling or nutritional placebo

Viral load · patients with reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV

1 finding from 1 review

Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation Self‐reported abstinence (majority) · callers to quitlines

The intervention probably leads to higher smoking cessation Self‐reported abstinence (majority) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Telephone counselling for smoking cessation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.38 [1.19, 1.61]
14 studies · 32484 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Smoking cessation Self‐reported abstinence (majority) · smokers not calling quitlines

The intervention probably leads to higher smoking cessation Self‐reported abstinence (majority) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Telephone counselling for smoking cessation 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.25 [1.15, 1.35]
65 studies · 41233 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Depressive symptoms · informal carers of people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and experiences of telephone counselling for informal carers of people with dementia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 163 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Burden · informal carers of people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and experiences of telephone counselling for informal carers of people with dementia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 165 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Support · informal carers of people with dementia

1 finding from 1 review

Efficacy and experiences of telephone counselling for informal carers of people with dementia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 67 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Completion of treatment · People with latent tuberculosis

1 finding from 1 review

Patient education and counselling for promoting adherence to treatment for tuberculosis 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 923 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Incidence of active tuberculosis · People with latent tuberculosis

1 finding from 1 review

Patient education and counselling for promoting adherence to treatment for tuberculosis 2012 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported