Intervention not reported
Counselling vs usual care · Pregnant women who smoke
The intervention leads to higher counselling vs usual care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Smoking cessation · young people
Behavioural interventions showed no clear difference in individual counselling (in‐person) vs control Smoking cessation compared with minimal control (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Provision of cessation counselling Proportion of smokers counselled to quit · Smokers
1 finding from 1 review
Number not achieving 14 consecutive dry nights at the end of treatment ‐ imipramine vs 3 step therapy + motivation/counselling + education · children with nocturnal enuresis
Tricyclics may leads to higher number not achieving 14 consecutive dry nights at the end of… compared with behavioural interventions (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Tobacco abstinence after counselling (counselling) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency
Tobacco cessation interventions showed no clear difference in tobacco abstinence after counselling (counselling) compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Tobacco abstinence after combined counselling and pharmacotherapy (combined) · people in treatment for or recovery from alcohol or other drug dependency
Tobacco cessation interventions may leads to higher tobacco abstinence after combined counselling and pharmacotherapy… compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Recovery not achieved according to Morgan and Russell narrow categories or similar ‐ CBT versus IPT or FPDT at end of treatment periods · Adults and older adolescents with anorexia nervosa
It is very uncertain whether individual psychological therapy changes recovery not achieved according to Morgan and Russell narrow… compared with another individual psychological therapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Individual counselling · Employees who smoke
The intervention probably leads to higher individual counselling (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Improvement in pain scores—Ultrasound scan and counselling session versus 'wait and see' · women with chronic pelvic pain
Psychological therapy may leads to higher improvement in pain scores—Ultrasound scan and counselling session… compared with control interventions (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain score: distension of painful pelvic structures versus counselling · women with chronic pelvic pain
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
48 participants
Moderate
Re‐infection in index patient ‐ additional counselling vs. simple patient referral
Enhanced patient referral probably leads to lower re‐infection in index patient ‐ additional counselling vs. simple… compared with simple patient referral (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
New adult TB patients received HIV counselling in TB clinics2 · Facilities providing primary health services
The intervention leads to higher new adult TB patients received HIV counselling in TB clinics2 (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 2.69
754 participants
High
Smoking cessation · people who smoke
More intensive leads to higher smoking cessation at longest compared with less intensive counselling (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Self-reported joint pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Muscle pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Muscle pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Joint pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care… (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Frequency of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Recurrence · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Range of mandibular motion · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in range of mandibular motion compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review