Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

190 questions · 193 findings · 17 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 51 · 26.4%GRADE not reported 6 · 3.1%Very low 59 · 30.6%Low 55 · 28.5%Moderate 17 · 8.8%High 5 · 2.6%

Paracetamol vs ibuprofen

Necrotizing enterocolitis during initial hospital stay (by radiological diagnosis) · preterm or low birth weight infants with PDA

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in necrotizing enterocolitisduring initial hospital stay (by… compared with ibuprofen (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol vs indomethacin

Failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (assessed by post‐treatment ECHO) · preterm infants with PDA

Paracetamol showed no clear difference in failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (assessed by… compared with indomethacin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

Failure of PDA closure after first course of treatment (assessed by post‐treatment ECHO) · preterm infants with PDA

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol may leads to lower failure of PDA closure after first course (assessed by… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol vs placebo or no intervention

All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · preterm infants with PDA

Prophylactic administration of paracetamol showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality during initial hospital stay (by clinical… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

Adequate pain relief as reported by women · women with perineal pain following childbirth

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) may leads to higher adequate pain relief as reported by women compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) vs placebo

Maternal drug adverse effects (sleepiness) · women with perineal pain following childbirth

Paracetamol (single administration, any dose) showed no clear difference in maternal drug adverse effects (sleepiness) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review