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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,289 questions · 2,331 findings · 195 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 480 · 20.6%GRADE not reported 288 · 12.4%Very low 467 · 20%Low 630 · 27%Moderate 338 · 14.5%High 128 · 5.5%

Intervention not reported

Vaginal cephalic birth not achieved · women with breech presentation

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes vaginal cephalic birth not achieved (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Caesarean section · women with breech presentation

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes caesarean section (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Apgar score < 7 at 5 minutes · women with breech presentation

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes apgar score < 7 at 5 minutes (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Umbilical vein pH < 7.20 · women with breech presentation

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes umbilical vein pH < 7.20 (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Neonatal admission · women with breech presentation

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes neonatal admission (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Perinatal death · women with breech presentation

The intervention showed no clear difference in perinatal death (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

External cephalic version (ECV) commenced before term vs ECV at term

Cephalic vaginal birth not achieved (CS + breech vaginal birth) (primary) · women with breech presentation before term

External cephalic version (ECV) commenced before term leads to lower vaginal cephalic birth not achieved (caesarean section + vaginal… compared with ECV at term (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

External cephalic version (ECV) commenced before term vs ECV at term

Death of a baby (stillbirth or neonatal death) report of perinatal death · women with breech presentation before term

External cephalic version (ECV) commenced before term showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality (Stillbirth or neonatal mortality < 7 days) compared with ECV at term (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pyridoxine vs control

Dental decay (increase in decayed, missing or filled teeth) ‐ Antenatal pyridoxine lozenges versus control · pregnant women, either during the prenatal period or during labour.

Pyridoxine (B6) may leads to lower dental decay (increase in decayed, missing or filled teeth) ‐… compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regional analgesia (with tocolysis) vs no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis)

Caesarean section · patients with breech presentation

It is very uncertain whether regional analgesia (with tocolysis) changes caesarean section (primary) compared with no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regional analgesia (with tocolysis) vs no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis)

Fetal bradycardia (primary) · patients with breech presentation

Regional analgesia (with tocolysis) showed no clear difference in fetal bradycardia (primary) compared with no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Regional analgesia (with tocolysis) vs no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis)

Failed external cephalic version · patients with breech presentation

Regional analgesia (with tocolysis) probably leads to lower failed external cephalic version compared with no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review