Mortality In the early postoperative period (≤ 30 days) · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
It is very uncertain whether preoperative inspiratory muscle training changes all‐cause mortality within 30 days during postoperative period compared with usual care, non‐exercise intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Length of hospital stay · adult participants undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of anaesthesiaTime perioda · patients with digital nerve blocks
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse outcomes · patients with digital nerve blocks
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cost analysis · patients with digital nerve blocks
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Duration of postoperative pain relief · patients with digital nerve blocks
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Bleeding during surgerySubjective assessmentd · patients with digital nerve blocks
Lidocaine may leads to lower bleeding during surgerySubjective assessmentd compared with lidocaine with adrenaline (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Shivering · people with surgical requirement for general anaesthesia
It is very uncertain whether alpha‐2 adrenergic agonist changes shivering compared with placebo/control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of core hypothermia ‐ not measured · people with surgical requirement for general anaesthesia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Participant satisfaction/experience of shivering ‐ not measured · people with surgical requirement for general anaesthesia
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Sedation (sedative agents administered via any route) vs General anaesthesia
Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents younger than 18 years having dental treatment (fillings, pulp treatment or tooth extraction); complex surgical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Hypoxaemia · patients undergoing surgery requiring anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
235 participants
GRADE not reported
Changes to patient care · patients undergoing surgery requiring anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
21037 participants
GRADE not reported
Complications · patients undergoing surgery requiring anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
20802 participants
GRADE not reported
In‐hospital mortality · patients undergoing surgery requiring anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
22021 participants
GRADE not reported
Long‐term mortality · all infants and children with congenital heart disease having postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality before hospital discharge · all infants and children with congenital heart disease having postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension
It is very uncertain whether inhaled nitric oxide changes mortality prior to discharge1 compared with placebo or conventional therapy (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Difference in MPAP change score (SE) ‐ Conventional Management4 · all infants and children with congenital heart disease having postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension
1 finding from 1 review
Difference in MPAP change score (SE) ‐ Placebo4 · all infants and children with congenital heart disease having postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 2 participants
Very low