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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

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Review versions

1,956 questions in 143 reviews · Musculoskeletal

current versions

No studies 555 · 28.4%Ungraded 107 · 5.5%Very low 255 · 13%Low 555 · 28.4%Moderate 357 · 18.3%High 127 · 6.5%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs land‐based exercise therapy Adverse events · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	RR 1.33 [0.78, 2.27]	8 studies · 1542 participants	Low
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs land‐based exercise therapy Withdrawals due to adverse events · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs placebo adjunctive therapies Physical function · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	20 studies · 1361 participants	Low
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs placebo adjunctive therapies Quality of life · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 82 participants	Moderate
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs placebo adjunctive therapies Participant‐reported global assessment · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs placebo adjunctive therapies Radiographic joint structure changes · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs placebo adjunctive therapies Adverse events · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	RR 2.41 [0.27, 21.9]	2 studies · 340 participants	Low
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs placebo adjunctive therapies Withdrawals due to adverse events · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	0 studies · 0 participants	Ungraded
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs land‐based exercise therapy Pain ‐ total · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	41 studies · 3322 participants	Low
Summary of findings table ‐ Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy vs land‐based exercise therapy Physical function ‐ total · osteoarthritis of the hip or knee Adjunctive therapies in addition to land‐based exercise therapy for osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	41 studies · 3323 participants	Very low
Antidepressant vs placebo Mean change in pain from baseline (0‐ to 10‐point scale, 0 is no pain) at 8–16 weeks · predominantly knee osteoarthritis Antidepressants for hip and knee osteoarthritis (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	9 studies · 2038 participants	High
Antidepressant vs placebo Responder rate: ≥ 50% reduction in 24‐hour mean pain · predominantly knee osteoarthritis Antidepressants for hip and knee osteoarthritis (2022) · Cochrane	RR 1.55 [1.32, 1.82]	6 studies · 1904 participants	High
Antidepressant vs placebo Mean change in physical function from baseline (0–100 WOMAC Total score, 0 is best function) between 0 and 14 weeks · predominantly knee osteoarthritis Antidepressants for hip and knee osteoarthritis (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	6 studies · 1909 participants	High
Antidepressant vs placebo Quality of life (EuroQol, scale −0.11 to 1.0 where a score of 1.0 indicates perfect health) between 0 and 14 weeks · predominantly knee osteoarthritis Antidepressants for hip and knee osteoarthritis (2022) · Cochrane	MD 0.04 [0.01, 0.07]	3 studies · 815 participants	Moderate
Antidepressant vs placebo Proportion of participants who withdrew due to adverse events between 0 and 14 weeks · predominantly knee osteoarthritis Antidepressants for hip and knee osteoarthritis (2022) · Cochrane	RR 2.15 [1.56, 2.97]	6 studies · 1977 participants	Moderate
Antidepressant vs placebo Total adverse events between 0 and 16 weeks · predominantly knee osteoarthritis Antidepressants for hip and knee osteoarthritis (2022) · Cochrane	RR 1.27 [1.15, 1.41]	9 studies · 2101 participants	High
Antidepressant vs placebo Serious adverse events between 0 and 16 weeks · predominantly knee osteoarthritis Antidepressants for hip and knee osteoarthritis (2022) · Cochrane	RR 0.94 [0.46, 1.94]	9 studies · 2101 participants	Low
Intervention NR Paina Scale: 0 to 100, 0 is no pain · people with degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 309 participants	High
Intervention NR Knee functiona Scale: 0 to 100, 100 is best function · people with degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 302 participants	High
Intervention NR Knee‐specific health‐related quality of lifea Scale: 0 to 100, 100 is best quality of life · people with degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) (2022) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 188 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Participant‐reported success Last · people with degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) (2022) · Cochrane	RR 1.11 [0.66, 1.86]	3 studies · 189 participants	Low
Intervention NR Serious adverse eventsLast · people with degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) (2022) · Cochrane	RR 1.35 [0.64, 2.83]	8 studies · 1206 participants	Low
Intervention NR Total adverse events Last · people with degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) (2022) · Cochrane	RR 1.15 [0.78, 1.7]	9 studies · 1326 participants	Low
Intervention NR Knee surgery (replacement or osteotomy)Last · people with degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) Arthroscopic surgery for degenerative knee disease (osteoarthritis including degenerative meniscal tears) (2022) · Cochrane	RR 2.63 [0.94, 7.34]	4 studies · 864 participants	Low
Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo Pain ‐ not reported · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
High‐dose colchicine vs placebo Reduction of inflammation: proportion with 50% or greater decrease in inflammation score from baseline ‐ 32 to 36 hours · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 10.5 [1.48, 74.38]	1 study · 43 participants	Low
High‐dose colchicine vs placebo Function of target joint ‐ not measured · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
High‐dose colchicine vs placebo Serious adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 111 participants	Ungraded
High‐dose colchicine vs placebo Total adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 3.21 [2.01, 5.11]	2 studies · 124 participants	Low
High‐dose colchicine vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 111 participants	Ungraded
High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine Pain ‐ not reported · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine Participant global assessment of treatment success: proportion with 50% or greater decrease in pain score from baseline ‐ 32 to 36 hours · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 0.87 [0.56, 1.36]	1 study · 126 participants	Low
High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine Reduction of inflammation ‐ not measured · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine Function of target joint ‐ not measured · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine Serious adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 126 participants	Ungraded
Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo Participant global assessment of treatment success: proportion with 50% or greater decrease in pain score from baseline ‐ 32 to 36 hours · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 2.43 [1.05, 5.64]	1 study · 103 participants	Low
High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine Total adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 2.11 [1.51, 2.95]	1 study · 126 participants	Low
High‐dose vs low‐dose colchicine Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 126 participants	Ungraded
Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs Pain NRS Scale from 0 to 10, 0 is no pain. · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 399 participants	Low
Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs Participant global assessment of treatment success: Completely better/much better · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 0.97 [0.82, 1.15]	1 study · 399 participants	Low
Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs Reduction of inflammation ‐ not measured · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs Function of target joint ‐ not measured · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs Serious adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs Total number of participants reporting adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 1.07 [0.88, 1.29]	1 study · 399 participants	Low
Low‐dose colchicine vs NSAIDs Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo Reduction of inflammation ‐ not measured · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo Function of target joint ‐ not measured · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo Serious adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 133 participants	Ungraded
Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo Total adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	RR 1.32 [0.68, 2.56]	1 study · 103 participants	Low
Low‐dose colchicine vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with acute gout Colchicine for acute gout (2021) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 133 participants	Ungraded