Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

304 questions · 332 findings · 36 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 58 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 15 · 4.5%Very low 104 · 31.3%Low 110 · 33.1%Moderate 44 · 13.3%High 1 · 0.3%

Music therapy vs psychological treatment

Quality of life (RAND‐36) Up to 3 months · depression in adults

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 11 participants
Very low

Music therapy vs psychological treatment

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · depression in adults

Music therapy showed no clear difference in leaving the study early Up to 3 months compared with psychological treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.17 [0.02, 1.49]
4 studies · 157 participants
Moderate

Music therapy vs psychological treatment

Anxiety ‐ not reported · depression in adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Music therapy vs psychological treatment

Depressive symptoms · depression in adults

2 findings from 1 review

Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 11 participants
Very low
Music therapy for depression 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 131 participants
Low

Family therapy vs psychological interventions

Remission

It is very uncertain whether family therapy changes remission post‐intervention compared with psychological interventions (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Family therapy approaches for anorexia nervosa 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.22 [0.89, 1.67]
5 studies · 252 participants
Very low
Family therapy approaches for anorexia nervosa 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.91, 1.28]
4 studies · 200 participants
Very low

Family therapy vs psychological interventions

All‐cause mortality ‐ long‐term outcome

1 finding from 1 review

Family therapy approaches for anorexia nervosa 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 participants
GRADE not reported

Steroid therapy in first episode of nephrotic syndrome: five to seven months vs three months

Adverse events: psychological disorders · children with nephrotic syndrome

Steroid therapy in first episode of nephrotic syndrome: five to… showed no clear difference in adverse events: psychological disorders compared with three months (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.3 [0.05, 1.83]
4 studies · 505 participants
Low

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Fatigue · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

2 findings from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 298 participants
Low
Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 351 participants
Moderate

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Participants with serious adverse reactions · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

It is very uncertain whether exercise therapy changes participants with serious adverse reactions Measured after 52 weeks… compared with psychological treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.67 [0.11, 3.96]
1 study · 321 participants
Very low

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Pain intensity (end of intervention, unidentified 0‐10 scale) · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 43 participants
Very low

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Physical functioning End of treatment and long term · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 298 participants
Low

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Physical function · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 348 participants
Very low

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

QoL · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 44 participants
Very low

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Depression · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Depressive symptoms · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 331 participants
Moderate

Exercise therapy vs psychological treatment

Sleep · men and women aged over 18 years with chronic fatigue syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 287 participants
Low

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY vs ANY OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL OR PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT

Mental state: No clinically important improvement · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether SUPPORTIVE THERAPY changes mental state: No clinically important improvement compared with ANY OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL OR PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive therapy for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.27 [1.04, 1.54]
3 studies · 194 participants
Very low

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY vs ANY OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL OR PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT

Leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY showed no clear difference in leaving the study early compared with ANY OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL OR PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive therapy for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.87, 1.21]
19 studies · 1412 participants
Moderate

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY vs ANY OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL OR PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT

Level of functioning · patients with schizophrenia

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive therapy for schizophrenia 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 78 participants
Very low