Stroke · Adults and children (haemodynamically stable) with potential need for RBC transfusion
Liberal showed no clear difference in cerebrovascular accident ‐ stroke compared with restrictive transfusion protocols (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rebleeding · Adults and children (haemodynamically stable) with potential need for RBC transfusion
Liberal showed no clear difference in rebleeding compared with restrictive transfusion protocols (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Thromboembolism · Adults and children (haemodynamically stable) with potential need for RBC transfusion
Liberal showed no clear difference in thromboembolism compared with restrictive transfusion protocols (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Infection · Adults and children (haemodynamically stable) with potential need for RBC transfusion
Liberal showed no clear difference in infection compared with restrictive transfusion protocols (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Patient and family knowledge of danger signs and appropriate care‐seeking behaviours (1a) Acute Coronary Syndrome Response Index with 3 scales to measure knowledge (21 items), attitudes (5 items) and beliefs (7 items) (Buckley 2007; Dracup 2009). ... · Adults (and/or family members) with potential for acute life‐threatening illness
The intervention showed no clear difference in patient and family knowledge of danger signs and appropriate… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Patient and family self‐efficacy (1e) · Adults (and/or family members) with potential for acute life‐threatening illness
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Time from start of symptoms to delivery of professional treatment (2a) Mean, median prehospital delay time from symptom onset of arrival at hospital/ED, proportion of participants presenting to the emergency department (ED) within 2, 3, and 4.5 hours · Adults (and/or family members) with potential for acute life‐threatening illness
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality measured by mortality rates including failure‐to‐rescuerates (3a) Stillbirth · Adults (and/or family members) with potential for acute life‐threatening illness
The intervention probably leads to lower mortality measured by mortality rates including… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Patient and family perceptions of involvement in escalation of care (4b) · Adults (and/or family members) with potential for acute life‐threatening illness
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Patient and family satisfaction with care received (4e) · Adults (and/or family members) with potential for acute life‐threatening illness
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Patient harms associated with patient and family involvement in escalation of care (5a) Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist total score for state anxiety (range 0‐21). Higher scores signify higher anxiety; a score of ≥ 11 indicates clinically sign... · Adults (and/or family members) with potential for acute life‐threatening illness
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Motor development and vigor (MDV) domain of the NAPI tool Normative mean and SD at 36 weeks PMA 63 (14.5) Higher scores are associated with more mature behaviour (Snider 2005) · neonates with pain associated with potentially painful procedures for 7 days
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Alertness and orientation (AO) domain of the NAPI tool Normative mean and SD at 36 weeks PMA 54 (19.4) Higher scores are associated with more mature behaviour (Snider 2005) · neonates with pain associated with potentially painful procedures for 7 days
1 finding from 1 review
Mycological cure · patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis
Azoles showed no clear difference in mycological cure Negative KOH microscopy and culture. Treatment… compared with moderate‐potent corticosteroid/azole combinations (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical cure · patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis
It is very uncertain whether azoles changes clinical cure (immediately at end of treatment) Resolution of… compared with moderate‐potent corticosteroid/azole combinations (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects Reported by investigators 'and' or 'or' participants · patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis
It is very uncertain whether azoles changes adverse effects Reported by investigators 'and' or 'or' participants compared with moderate‐potent corticosteroid/azole combinations (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Relapse or recurrence Not assessed · patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis
1 finding from 1 review
Cure · patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of treatment until clinical cure Not assessed · patients with tinea cruris and tinea corporis
1 finding from 1 review
Fatal and non‐fatal injuries in RCT, short‐term · firms potentially subject to inspection
Inspection showed no clear difference in fatal and non‐fatal injuries in RCT, short‐term compared with no intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.04 [0.9, 1.21]
Studies not reported
Low