Lactobacillus count (CFU/mL) · Medically healthy individuals (adults and children, 6-60 years)
Salvadora persica rinse reduced Lactobacillus counts more than placebo (favours Salvadora persica); not GRADE-rated.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)
1700 to 2200 ppm F toothpaste may leads to lower caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SMD -0.32 [-0.41, -0.22]
Studies not reported
Low
Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)
1500 ppm F toothpaste probably leads to lower caries increment, surface index d(m)fs compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Coronal carious lesions arrest · Children with coronal carious lesions (primary dentition)
One review reported prevented fractions of 55 to 96% favouring 38% SDF over fluoride varnish or placebo for arresting coronal caries in primary teeth (two studies; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Prevented Fraction 55–96
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Professionally-applied fluoride varnish (7700 or 10,000 ppm F),… showed no clear difference in number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with non-fluoride (placebo) varnish (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Coronal carious lesions arrest · Children with coronal carious lesions (primary dentition)
One review reported a risk ratio of 2.54 favouring SDF over placebo/no treatment for arresting coronal caries in primary teeth (no CI; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 2.54
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Adverse effects · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants with more severe DLs (score 3 or 4 versus 1 or 2) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Professionally-applied fluoride varnish (7700 ppm F ammonium… may leads to lower number of participants with more severe DLs (score 3 or 4 versus 1… compared with non-fluoride (placebo) varnish (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)
1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste leads to lower caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SMD -0.26 [-0.31, -0.21]
41 studies
High
Proportion developing new caries · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Streptococcus mutans count · Medically healthy individuals (adults and children, 6-60 years)
Salvadora persica rinse reduced Streptococcus mutans counts more than placebo (favours Salvadora persica); not GRADE-rated.
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque · Medically healthy individuals (adults and children, 6-60 years)
Salvadora persica rinse reduced plaque more than placebo (favours Salvadora persica); certainty not GRADE-rated (Shekelle grade Ia).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion developing new caries · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)
1000 to 1250 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in proportion developing new caries compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Children and adolescents with immature permanent dentition (aged 5 to 16 years at study start)
440 to 550 ppm F toothpaste showed no clear difference in caries increment, surface index D(M)FS compared with non-fluoride (0 ppm F) placebo toothpaste (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SMD -0.12 [-0.31, 0.07]
2 studies
Low
Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
It is very uncertain whether 12,500 ppm F (NaF/olaflur/dectaflur) amine fluoride gel,… changes number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 0 ppm F placebo gel (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants with more severe DLs (severity of DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects of toothpaste · Young children with primary (deciduous) dentition (aged 1 to 6 years at study start)
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects of toothpaste · Adults with mature permanent dentition (aged 18 to 93 years at study start)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
It is very uncertain whether patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily changes number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review