Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

125 questions · 125 findings · 10 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 15 · 12%GRADE not reported 8 · 6.4%Very low 42 · 33.6%Low 48 · 38.4%Moderate 12 · 9.6%High 0 · 0%

Advance misoprostol distribution/provision to pregnant women for postpartum self‐administration vs usual care

Maternal transfer or referral to a health facility · women in the third stage of labour

It is very uncertain whether advance misoprostol distribution/provision to pregnant women for… changes maternal transfer or referral to a health facility compared with usual (or standard) care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bishop score vs transvaginal ultrasound

Need of misoprostol for cervical ripening · women with singleton cephalic fetuses undergoing assessment for pre‐induction cervical ripening.

Bishop score probably leads to lower need of misoprostol for cervical ripening compared with transvaginal ultrasound (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) vs low‐dose vaginal misoprostol

Serious neonatal morbidity or perinatal death · third trimester induction of labour in women with a viable fetus

It is very uncertain whether balloon (Foley or ATAD) changes serious neonatal morbidity or perinatal death compared with low‐dose vaginal misoprostol (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) vs low‐dose oral misoprostol

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · third trimester induction of labour in women with a viable fetus

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) probably leads to higher vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours compared with low‐dose oral misoprostol (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) vs low‐dose oral misoprostol

Uterine hyperstimulation with fetal heart rate changes · third trimester induction of labour in women with a viable fetus

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) showed no clear difference in uterine hyperstimulation with FHR changes compared with low‐dose oral misoprostol (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) vs low‐dose oral misoprostol

Serious neonatal morbidity or perinatal death · third trimester induction of labour in women with a viable fetus

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) showed no clear difference in serious neonatal morbidity or perinatal death compared with low‐dose oral misoprostol (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) vs low‐dose vaginal misoprostol

Uterine hyperstimulation with fetal heart rate changes · third trimester induction of labour in women with a viable fetus

Balloon (Foley or ATAD) probably leads to lower uterine hyperstimulation with FHR changes compared with low‐dose vaginal misoprostol (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review