Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

436 questions · 451 findings · 96 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 31 · 6.9%GRADE not reported 17 · 3.8%Very low 149 · 33%Low 130 · 28.8%Moderate 103 · 22.8%High 21 · 4.7%

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs UCM

Chronic lung disease · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease (CLD) ‐ oxygen supplement at 36 weeks… compared with UCM (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation)

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH grades 3, 4) compared with ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation)

Intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping leads to lower intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH, all grades) compared with ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation)

Periventricular leukomalacia · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping showed no clear difference in periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) compared with ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation)

Chronic lung disease · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping showed no clear difference in chronic lung disease (CLD) ‐ oxygen supplement at 36 weeks… compared with ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation)

Maternal blood loss of 500 mL or greater · babies born preterm, and their mothers

It is very uncertain whether DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping changes maternal blood loss of 500 mL or greater compared with ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Needle aspiration (needle removed immediately after aspiration) vs intercostal tube drainage

All‐cause mortality during hospital stay · patients with pneumothorax in the newborn

It is very uncertain whether needle aspiration (needle removed immediately after aspiration) changes mortality during hospitalisation compared with intercostal tube drainage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Needle aspiration (needle removed immediately after aspiration) vs intercostal tube drainage

Need for intercostal tube drainage · patients with pneumothorax in the newborn

It is very uncertain whether needle aspiration (needle removed immediately after aspiration) changes need for intercostal tube drainage compared with intercostal tube drainage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infliximab combined with purine analogues vs purine analogues

Clinical relapse · Participants with Crohn's disease in remission

Infliximab combined with purine analogues probably leads to lower clinical relapse (at 48 weeks, CDAI of 150 or greater together with… compared with purine analogues (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effects of extensive instructions vs simple instructions

PAR pass rate (%) ‐ Fit testing of foam earplugs (immediate) · workers exposed to noise using HPDs

Effects of extensive instructions probably leads to higher PAR pass rate (%) ‐ Fit testing of foam earplugs (immediate) compared with simple instructions (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review