Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,938 questions · 1,994 findings · 246 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 490 · 24.6%GRADE not reported 71 · 3.6%Very low 669 · 33.6%Low 446 · 22.4%Moderate 264 · 13.2%High 54 · 2.7%

Peppermint vs placebo

Nausea duration (nausea‐free at end of treatment) Measured by participant self‐report or medical or nursing observation · adults and children having any type of surgical procedure under general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia or sedation, as hospital…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Peppermint vs placebo

Adverse events (common reactions to aromatherapy include skin rashes, dyspnoea, headache, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension, hypertension or dizziness) · adults and children having any type of surgical procedure under general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia or sedation, as hospital…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative alcohol cessation intervention vs treatment

Postoperative complications after perioperative intervention (e.g. wound‐related complications, secondary surgery, cardiopulmonary complications, admission to intensive care) defined by need for treatment · adult surgical patients consuming 3 or more units of alcohol per day

Perioperative alcohol cessation intervention probably leads to lower postoperative complications after perioperative intervention (e.g.… compared with treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative alcohol cessation intervention vs treatment

In‐hospital and 30‐day mortality · adult surgical patients consuming 3 or more units of alcohol per day

Perioperative alcohol cessation intervention showed no clear difference in in‐hospital and 30‐day mortality compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative alcohol cessation intervention vs treatment

Successful quitters (number of abstainers) at the end of the programme (with or without validation by interview, breath test, or alcohol markers) · adult surgical patients consuming 3 or more units of alcohol per day

Perioperative alcohol cessation intervention probably leads to higher successful quitters (number of abstainers) at the end of the… compared with treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine IV vs placebo or no treatment

Nausea · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether intravenous (IV) lidocaine changes postoperative nausea, 'overall' (0 to 24 h, to 48 h, to 72 h) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review