Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,438 questions · 1,463 findings · 125 reviews · Anaesthesia

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No studies found 197 · 13.5%GRADE not reported 203 · 13.9%Very low 307 · 21%Low 441 · 30.1%Moderate 245 · 16.7%High 70 · 4.8%

Nitroglycerin vs placebo

Hypotension · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes side effect (hypotension) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.46 [0.56, 3.83]
6 studies · 296 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs placebo

Adverse effects: headache · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes side effect (headache) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.55 [0.75, 3.2]
10 studies · 607 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs no treatment

Acute myocardial infarction · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes acute myocardial infarction compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.25 [0.03, 2.2]
2 studies · 105 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs no treatment

Angina · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes angina pectoris compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.43 [0.12, 1.57]
2 studies · 105 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs no treatment

Cardiac ischaemia indicated by ECG · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes cardiac ischaemia indicated by ECG compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.73 [0.42, 1.26]
4 studies · 197 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs no treatment

Hypotension · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Nitroglycerin vs no treatment

Adverse effects: headache · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes side effect (headache) compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.67 [0.14, 96.14]
2 studies · 6629 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs placebo

All‐cause mortality in 30 days post operation · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes all‐cause mortality in 30 days post operation compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.81 [0.12, 63.83]
2 studies · 89 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs placebo

Acute myocardial infarction · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitroglycerin changes acute myocardial infarction compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.69 [0.24, 89.88]
1 study · 29 participants
Very low

Nitroglycerin vs placebo

Angina · patients (15 years of age and older) undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under any type of anaesthesia

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrates for the prevention of cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing non‐cardiac surgery 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

What is the effect of general anaesthesia including nitrous oxide vs without nitrous oxide on the risk of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

Accidental awareness ‐ Overall (AAGA) · surgical patients

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrous oxide‐based versus nitrous oxide‐free general anaesthesia and accidental awareness during general anaesthesia… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
14 studies · 3439 participants
Very low

What is the effect of general anaesthesia including nitrous oxide vs without nitrous oxide on the risk of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

Accidental awareness ‐ In recovery (AAGA) · surgical patients

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrous oxide‐based versus nitrous oxide‐free general anaesthesia and accidental awareness during general anaesthesia… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 263 participants
Very low

What is the effect of general anaesthesia including nitrous oxide vs without nitrous oxide on the risk of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

Accidental awareness ‐ 24 hours (AAGA) · surgical patients

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrous oxide‐based versus nitrous oxide‐free general anaesthesia and accidental awareness during general anaesthesia… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 556 participants
Very low

Rocuronium any dose vs succinylcholine

Excellent versus other intubation conditions · People requiring rapid sequence induction intubation

Rocuronium any dose probably leads to lower excellent versus other intubation conditions compared with succinylcholine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.81, 0.92]
50 studies · 4151 participants
Moderate

Acupoint PC6 stimulation vs sham

Nausea · People at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Acupoint PC6 stimulation may leads to lower nausea ‐ All trials compared with sham (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.68 [0.6, 0.77]
40 studies · 4742 participants
Low

Acupoint PC6 stimulation and antiemetic combination vs antiemetics

Vomiting · People at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

It is very uncertain whether acupoint PC6 stimulation and antiemetic combination changes vomiting compared with antiemetic (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.56 [0.35, 0.91]
9 studies · 687 participants
Very low

Acupoint PC6 stimulation and antiemetic combination vs antiemetics

Rescue antiemetic · People at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Acupoint PC6 stimulation and antiemetic combination may leads to lower rescue antiemetic compared with antiemetic (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.61 [0.44, 0.86]
5 studies · 419 participants
Low

Acupoint PC6 stimulation and antiemetic combination vs antiemetics

Adverse effects · People at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

1 finding from 1 review

Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 7 participants
GRADE not reported

Acupoint PC6 stimulation vs sham

Vomiting · People at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Acupoint PC6 stimulation may leads to lower vomiting ‐ All trials compared with sham (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.51, 0.71]
45 studies · 5147 participants
Low

Acupoint PC6 stimulation vs sham

Rescue antiemetic · People at risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting

Acupoint PC6 stimulation may leads to lower rescue antiemetics compared with sham (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.55, 0.73]
39 studies · 4622 participants
Low