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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,667 questions · 21,760 findings · 2,177 reviews

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No studies found 4,173 · 19.2%GRADE not reported 2,300 · 10.6%Very low 5,276 · 24.2%Low 5,764 · 26.5%Moderate 3,298 · 15.2%High 949 · 4.4%

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Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification of values and preferences, vs control

Mental health outcomes · women aged 38 to 71 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer

Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification… showed no clear difference in mental health outcomes compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification of values and preferences, vs control

Confidence in the decision made · women aged 38 to 71 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer

It is very uncertain whether some components of shared decision‐making, including clarification… changes confidence in the decision made compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without clarification of values and preferences, vs control

Confidence in the decision made · women aged 40 to 75 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer

Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without… showed no clear difference in confidence in the decision made compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without clarification of values and preferences, vs control

Knowledge of all the options · women aged 40 to 75 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer

Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without… leads to higher knowledge of all the options*** compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without clarification of values and preferences, vs control

Mental health outcomes · women aged 40 to 75 years at average to moderate risk of breast cancer

Studies focused only on enhanced communication, without… showed no clear difference in mental health outcomes compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Intralesional classical immunosuppresants (betamethasone or triamcinolone) vs placebo

Short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of · adults with alopecia areata

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Intralesional classical… changes short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ate or licked fluoride toothpaste vs Did not eat or lick fluoride toothpaste

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years
1 finding from 1 review
  • Topical fluoride as a cause of dental fluorosis in children 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)
    Nine studies investigated whether children ate or licked toothpaste; measurement subjective so not meta-analyzed (Table 1). Findings mixed: some studies found no significant difference; others (e.g. Celeste 2016 OR up…
    9 studies
    GRADE not reported

Brushed less than once per day vs Brushed once or more per day

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Brushed less than once per day may leads to lower fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with brushed once or more per day (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age vs Non-fluoride (placebo) varnish

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age (biannual) showed no clear difference in fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with placebo varnish (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Used fluoride mouth rinse vs No fluoride mouth rinse

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Used fluoride mouth rinse showed no clear difference in fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with no fluoride mouth rinse; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Depression · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in depression compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Used a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste or less vs Used more than a pea-sized amount

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

It is very uncertain whether used a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste or less changes fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with used more than a pea-sized amount (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review