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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,776 questions · 7,311 findings · 959 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1,498 · 20.5%GRADE not reported 303 · 4.1%Very low 1,839 · 25.2%Low 1,991 · 27.2%Moderate 1,277 · 17.5%High 403 · 5.5%

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Intervention not reported

Episodes of bradycardia, defined as a fall in heart rate of more than 30% below the baseline or less than 100 beats per minute for 10 seconds or longer, occurring during the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine vs other methylxanthines

c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: cognitive delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine vs other methylxanthines

c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: language delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine vs other methylxanthines

c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: motor delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any glucocorticoid vs no glucocorticoids or placebo

Clinical pregnancy rate · assisted reproduction technology cycles

It is very uncertain whether glucocorticoids changes clinical pregnancy rate per couple: dosage and timing of… compared with no glucocorticoids or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions (vitamin B1, mefenamic acid, tranexamic acid) vs placebo or active comparators (desmopressin, sodium diclofenac, flavonoids)

Side effects: gastrointestinal disturbances (diarrhoea, lower abdominal pain), headache and sweating

It is very uncertain whether interventions (vitamin B1, mefenamic acid, tranexamic acid) changes side effects: gastrointestinal disturbances (diarrhoea, lower… compared with placebo or active comparators (desmopressin, sodium diclofenac,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic corticosteroids vs systemic corticosteroids

Change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB Negative values represent lowering and positive values represent raising of the hearing threshold. A lower hearing threshold represents hearing improvement. Â · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB… compared with systemic corticosteroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) vs systemic corticosteroids alone

Change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB Negative values represent lowering and positive values represent raising of the hearing threshold. A lower hearing threshold represents hearing improvement. Â · sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Intratympanic plus systemic corticosteroids (combined therapy) showed no clear difference in change in hearing threshold determined by PTA Range 0 dB to 140 dB… compared with systemic corticosteroids alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review