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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,166 questions · 1,249 findings · 76 reviews

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No studies found 378 · 30.3%GRADE not reported 61 · 4.9%Very low 377 · 30.2%Low 284 · 22.7%Moderate 120 · 9.6%High 29 · 2.3%

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Change in area/depth/volume of pressure ulcers ‐ not reported · long‐term care patients; inpatients without dehydration with energy intake by tube feeding; patients with pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Acceptability of nutritional supplements ‐ not reported · long‐term care patients; inpatients without dehydration with energy intake by tube feeding; patients with pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Gastrointestinal adverse events · long‐term care patients; inpatients without dehydration with energy intake by tube feeding; patients with pressure ulcers

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients changes side effects: at least one adverse gastrointestinal event compared with standard diet (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Health‐related quality of life ‐ not reported · long‐term care patients; inpatients without dehydration with energy intake by tube feeding; patients with pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Time to pressure ulcer development · inpatients who are mildly or seriously malnourished or at risk of being malnourished, elderly patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Acceptability of nutritional supplements ‐ not reported · inpatients who are mildly or seriously malnourished or at risk of being malnourished, elderly patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Energy, protein and micronutrients vs standard diet

Health‐related quality of life ‐ not reported · inpatients who are mildly or seriously malnourished or at risk of being malnourished, elderly patients at risk of developing pressure ulcers

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment

Spoken communication Measured by: frequency of speech, including non‐word vocalisations (expressed as rates per minute)a · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes spoken communication Measured by: frequency of speech, including… compared with treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment

Non‐verbal communication/AAC Measured by: frequency of use of PECS symbols (expressed as rates per minute)a · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes non‐verbal communication/AAC Measured by: frequency of use of PECS… compared with treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment

Combined spoken and non‐verbal communication/AAC · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes combined spoken and non‐verbal communication/AAC Measured by: verbal… compared with treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment

Social communication and pragmatic language skills · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) changes social communication or pragmatic language Measured by: reciprocal… compared with treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review