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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,653 questions in 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility
current versionsNo studies 531 · 20%Ungraded 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Laparoscopy vs open appendicectomy Any adverse events · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.46 [0.19, 1.1] | 7 studies · 563 participants | Low |
Laparoscopy vs open appendicectomy Total length of in‐patient stay (days) · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 455 participants | Low |
Laparoscopy vs open appendicectomy Normal appendix removed · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.13 [0.07, 0.24] | 7 studies · 475 participants | Moderate |
Laparoscopy vs 'wait and see' strategy Diagnosis before discharge · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | OR 6.07 [1.85, 19.88] | 4 studies · 395 participants | Moderate |
Laparoscopy vs 'wait and see' strategy Any adverse events · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.45, 1.67] | 4 studies · 399 participants | Moderate |
Laparoscopy vs 'wait and see' strategy Total length of in‐patient stay (days) · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 169 participants | Low |
Laparoscopy vs 'wait and see' strategy Normal appendix removed · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | OR 5.14 [2.22, 11.87] | 1 study · 104 participants | Low |
Laparoscopy vs 'wait and see' strategy Mortality · women of childbearing age with acute lower abdominal pain Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age (2014) · Cochrane | OR 1.03 [0.06, 16.93] | 3 studies · 334 participants | Low |
GnRH agonist vs HCG Live birth · subfertile women Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist versus HCG for oocyte triggering in antagonist‐assisted reproductive… (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.47 [0.31, 0.7] | 5 studies · 532 participants | Moderate |
GnRH agonist vs HCG OHSS (mild, moderate or severe): overall risk · subfertile women Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist versus HCG for oocyte triggering in antagonist‐assisted reproductive… (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.15 [0.05, 0.47] | 8 studies · 989 participants | Moderate |
GnRH agonist vs HCG OHSS (moderate or severe): overall risk · subfertile women Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist versus HCG for oocyte triggering in antagonist‐assisted reproductive… (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.21 [0.07, 0.66] | 8 studies · 989 participants | Moderate |
GnRH agonist vs HCG OHSS (mild, moderate or severe) in women at high risk of OHSS · subfertile women Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist versus HCG for oocyte triggering in antagonist‐assisted reproductive… (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.06 [0.01, 0.34] | 3 studies · 212 participants | Moderate |
GnRH agonist vs HCG Ongoing pregnancy · subfertile women Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist versus HCG for oocyte triggering in antagonist‐assisted reproductive… (2014) · Cochrane | OR 0.7 [0.54, 0.91] | 11 studies · 1198 participants | Low |
GnRH agonist vs HCG Miscarriage · subfertile women Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist versus HCG for oocyte triggering in antagonist‐assisted reproductive… (2014) · Cochrane | OR 1.74 [1.1, 2.75] | 11 studies · 1198 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Change in number of hot flushes/24 h ( · perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms Relaxation for perimenopausal and postmenopausal symptoms (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 72 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Improvement in severity of hot flushes ( · perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms Relaxation for perimenopausal and postmenopausal symptoms (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 72 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects · perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms Relaxation for perimenopausal and postmenopausal symptoms (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Medical treatment vs placebo Improvement in pain score at end of treatment: progesterone versus placebo · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 3 [1.7, 5.31] | 204 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR CI: Confidence interval. · management of chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Psychological therapy vs control interventions Improvement in pain scores—Ultrasound scan and counselling session versus 'wait and see' · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 6.77 [2.83, 16.19] | 90 participants | Low |
Psychological therapy vs control interventions Improvement in pain scores—Somatocognitive therapy (Mensendieck) versus standard gynaecological clinical care · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 3.38 [0.97, 11.8] | 40 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapy vs control interventions Improvement in pain scores—Integrated approach (somatic, psychological, dietary, environmental and physiotherapeutic factors) versus standard care · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 1.52 [0.71, 3.27] | 106 participants | Low |
Psychological therapy vs control interventions Improvement in pain scores—Writing therapy (disclosure of pain) versus non‐disclosure · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 4.47 [1.41, 14.13] | 48 participants | Very low |
Psychological therapy vs control interventions Improvement in pain scores—Psychotherapy versus placebo, measured at end of treatment · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.79 [0.24, 2.59] | 51 participants | Low |
Complementary therapy vs control interventions Reduction in pain score: distension of painful pelvic structures versus counselling · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 48 participants | Moderate |
Complementary therapy vs control interventions Pain score after treatment: magnetic therapy versus control magnet · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 19 participants | Very low |
Medical treatment vs placebo Improvement in pain score (up to nine months after treatment): progesterone versus placebo · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 2.09 [1.18, 3.71] | 204 participants | Moderate |
Medical treatment vs placebo Weight gain: progesterone versus placebo · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 7.82 [3.28, 18.65] | 85 participants | High |
Medical treatment vs placebo Bloatedness: progesterone versus placebo · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 3.2 [1.37, 7.47] | 85 participants | High |
Medical treatment vs placebo Improvement in pain score: lofexidine versus placebo · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 0.42 [0.11, 1.61] | 39 participants | Low |
Medical treatment vs placebo Drowsiness/lethargy: lofexidine versus placebo · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 3.8 [1.09, 13.26] | 39 participants | Moderate |
Medical treatment vs placebo Dry mouth: lofexidine versus placebo · women with chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | Peto OR 8.6 [2.44, 30.31] | 39 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Improvement in pelvic pain at one year: goserelin versus progestogen · management of chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 47 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Pain at 24 months: gabapentin versus amytriptyline · management of chronic pelvic pain Non‐surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 40 participants | Low |
Vitrification vs slow freezing Live birth · subfertile women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation Vitrification versus slow freezing for women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Vitrification vs slow freezing Ongoing pregnancy rate · subfertile women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation Vitrification versus slow freezing for women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation (2014) · Cochrane | RR 6.07 [0.86, 43.04] | 1 study · 28 participants | Low |
Vitrification vs slow freezing Clinical pregnancy rate · subfertile women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation Vitrification versus slow freezing for women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation (2014) · Cochrane | RR 3.86 [1.63, 9.11] | 2 studies · 106 participants | Moderate |
Vitrification vs slow freezing Adverse events · subfertile women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation Vitrification versus slow freezing for women undergoing oocyte cryopreservation (2014) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal or continuous administration · women with premenstrual syndrome Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 1276 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal administration · women with premenstrual syndrome Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 457 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Continuous administration · women with premenstrual syndrome Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 843 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Moderate dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal administration2 · women with premenstrual syndrome Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 657 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Low dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal or continuous administration · women with premenstrual syndrome Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | OR 1.76 [1.13, 2.75] | 7 studies · 1301 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Mod dose SSRI versus placebo Luteal or continuous administration · women with premenstrual syndrome Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | OR 2.55 [1.84, 3.53] | 15 studies · 2447 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR High dose SSRIs versus placebo Continuous administration · women with premenstrual syndrome Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome (2013) · Cochrane | RR 6.35 [2.88, 14] | 1 study · 231 participants | Moderate |
IUI vs FSP Live birth per couple · women with non‐tubal infertility Intrauterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non‐tubal infertility (2013) · Cochrane | OR 0.94 [0.59, 1.49] | 3 studies · 633 participants | Low |
IUI vs FSP Clinical pregnancy per couple · women with non‐tubal infertility Intrauterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non‐tubal infertility (2013) · Cochrane | OR 0.75 [0.49, 1.12] | 14 studies · 1745 participants | Low |
IUI vs FSP Multiple pregnancy per couple · women with non‐tubal infertility Intrauterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non‐tubal infertility (2013) · Cochrane | OR 0.62 [0.29, 1.32] | 7 studies · 908 participants | Low |
IUI vs FSP Miscarriage per couple · women with non‐tubal infertility Intrauterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non‐tubal infertility (2013) · Cochrane | OR 1.07 [0.56, 2.05] | 7 studies · 884 participants | Low |
IUI vs FSP Ectopic pregnancy per couple · women with non‐tubal infertility Intrauterine insemination versus fallopian tube sperm perfusion for non‐tubal infertility (2013) · Cochrane | OR 0.88 [0.24, 3.19] | 4 studies · 643 participants | Very low |