Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,454 questions · 3,562 findings · 816 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 538 · 15.1%GRADE not reported 239 · 6.7%Very low 933 · 26.2%Low 1,041 · 29.2%Moderate 612 · 17.2%High 199 · 5.6%

Main comparison of patch angioplasty vs primary closure

Stroke · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid…

It is very uncertain whether main comparison of patch angioplasty changes any stroke (fatal or non‐fatal; contralateral, ipsilateral or… compared with primary closure (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Main comparison of patch angioplasty vs primary closure

Perioperative ipsilateral stroke (< 30 days) · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid…

It is very uncertain whether main comparison of patch angioplasty changes ipsilateral stroke (fatal or non‐fatal; haemorrhage or infarct)… compared with primary closure (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Main comparison of patch angioplasty vs primary closure

Occlusion of the operated artery within 30 days of operation · patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, whether the initial indication for endarterectomy was symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid…

Main comparison of patch angioplasty may leads to lower occlusion of the operated artery within 30 days of operation compared with primary closure (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Shunting vs no shunting

Stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (best‐case) · patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease

Shunting may leads to lower stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (best‐case) compared with no shunting (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Shunting vs no shunting

Stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (worst‐case) · patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid disease

Shunting showed no clear difference in stroke‐related death within 30 days of surgery (worst‐case) compared with no shunting (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamine‐analgesic‐decongestant vs placebo

Global evaluation · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms

Antihistamine‐analgesic‐decongestant showed no clear difference in global evaluation: after 3 days of treatment (included children 2 to… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamine‐analgesic‐decongestant vs placebo

Global evaluation: after 5 days of treatment (included children 2 to 12 years old only) · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms

Antihistamine‐analgesic‐decongestant showed no clear difference in global evaluation: after 5 days of treatment (included children 2 to… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) vs H2RA, placebo or no treatment

Mortality ‐ within 30 days · people with upper gastrointestinal bleeding prior to endoscopic diagnosis

Proton pump inhibitor treatment showed no clear difference in mortality ‐ within 30 days compared with H2RA, placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) vs H2RA, placebo or no treatment

Rebleeding · people with upper gastrointestinal bleeding prior to endoscopic diagnosis

Proton pump inhibitor treatment showed no clear difference in rebleeding ‐ within 30 days compared with H2RA, placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) vs H2RA, placebo or no treatment

Surgery ‐ within 30 days · people with upper gastrointestinal bleeding prior to endoscopic diagnosis

Proton pump inhibitor treatment showed no clear difference in surgery ‐ within 30 days compared with H2RA, placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Homeopathic medicinal products (individualised treatment) vs placebo or usual care

Days off work for parents · children aged up to 16 years with ARTIs

Homeopathic medicinal products (individualised treatment) showed no clear difference in days off work for parents compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review