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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
515 questions in 31 reviews · Fertility Regulation
current versionsNo studies 99 · 19.2%Ungraded 11 · 2.1%Very low 70 · 13.6%Low 147 · 28.5%Moderate 153 · 29.7%High 35 · 6.8%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 800 mg vs placebo Induction to expulsion interval ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 800 mg vs placebo Unscheduled contact with care ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 800 mg vs placebo Patient satisfaction with analgesia ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 800 mg vs placebo Patient satisfaction with abortion care overall ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Pain score · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 130 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Gastrointestinal side effects (nausea) ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 1600 mg vs paracetamol 2000 mg Gastroinestinal side effects (vomiting) ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Gastrointestinal side effects (vomiting) ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Gastrointestinal side effects (diarrhoea) ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Complete abortion rate · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Induction to expulsion interval · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 130 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Unscheduled contact with care ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Patient satisfaction with analgesia ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ambulation vs non‐ambulation Patient satisfaction with abortion care overall ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Pain score · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 228 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Gastrointestinal side effects (nausea and/or vomiting) · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | OR 1.67 [0.99, 2.83] | 1 study · 228 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Gastrointestinal side effects (diarrhoea) ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 1600 mg vs paracetamol 2000 mg Gastrointestinal side effects (diarrhoea) ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Complete abortion rate · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | OR 1.42 [0.31, 6.5] | 1 study · 228 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Induction to expulsion interval ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Unscheduled contact with care · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | OR 1.03 [0.6, 1.77] | 1 study · 228 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Patient satisfaction with analgesia ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Therapeutic ibuprofen 800 mg vs prophylactic ibuprofen 800 mg women having medical abortion before 14 weeks? gestation Patient satisfaction with abortion care overall · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.52 [0.09, 2.89] | 1 study · 228 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 1600 mg vs paracetamol 2000 mg Complete abortion rate · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | OR 2.11 [0.64, 6.92] | 1 study · 108 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 1600 mg vs paracetamol 2000 mg Induction to expulsion interval ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 1600 mg vs paracetamol 2000 mg Unscheduled contact with care ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 1600 mg vs paracetamol 2000 mg Patient satisfaction with analgesia ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Ibuprofen 1600 mg vs paracetamol 2000 mg Patient satisfaction with abortion care overall ‐ not reported · women having medical abortion before 14 weeks' gestation Pain management for medical abortion before 14 weeks’ gestation (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Utilization—at 6 months postabortion · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 [1.05, 1.15] | 3 studies · 1103 participants | Low |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Unintended pregnancy—at 6 months postabortion · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.25 [0.08, 0.77] | 3 studies · 1029 participants | Moderate |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Rate of initiation of contraceptive implants—following medical abortion at · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [1.21, 1.32] | 2 studies · 1014 participants | Moderate |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Rate of initiation of contraceptive implants—following surgical abortion at · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 2.32 [1.79, 3.01] | 1 study · 148 participants | Low |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Failure rate of medical abortion—overall failure rate at · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.58, 2.4] | 2 studies · 1001 participants | Moderate |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Failure rate of medical abortion—require extra medication for complete abortion at · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.44, 3.2] | 2 studies · 1001 participants | Low |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Failure rate of medical abortion—require surgery for complete abortion at · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [0.71, 2.3] | 2 studies · 1001 participants | Moderate |
Immediate vs delayed postabortion insertion of contraceptive implants Bleeding side effects—at 1 month postabortion · women who experienced abortions and requested a reversible contraceptive method Immediate versus delayed postabortal insertion of contraceptive implant (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.88, 1.14] | 1 study · 462 participants | Low |
Critical outcomes for medical abortion offered in pharmacy vs clinic‐based settings Outcomesa Medical abortion offered in pharmacy versus clinic‐based settings (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Critical outcomes for medical abortion offered in pharmacy vs clinic‐based settings Complete abortion Medical abortion offered in pharmacy versus clinic‐based settings (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 600 participants | Low |
Critical outcomes for medical abortion offered in pharmacy vs clinic‐based settings Blood transfusione Medical abortion offered in pharmacy versus clinic‐based settings (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 600 participants | Very low |
Critical outcomes for medical abortion offered in pharmacy vs clinic‐based settings Complication requiring treatment (infection)e Medical abortion offered in pharmacy versus clinic‐based settings (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 600 participants | Very low |
Critical outcomes for medical abortion offered in pharmacy vs clinic‐based settings Quality of medical abortion (Highly satisfied with services at facility) Medical abortion offered in pharmacy versus clinic‐based settings (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 600 participants | Low |
Critical outcomes for medical abortion offered in pharmacy vs clinic‐based settings Additional surgical interventions required Medical abortion offered in pharmacy versus clinic‐based settings (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Self‐administered medical abortion vs provider‐administered medical abortion Success of medical abortion – RCTs ( · women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) seeking induced abortion Self‐administered versus provider‐administered medical abortion (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 2 studies · 919 participants | Moderate |
Self‐administered medical abortion vs provider‐administered medical abortion Ongoing pregnancy – RCTs ( · women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) seeking induced abortion Self‐administered versus provider‐administered medical abortion (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.69 [0.41, 7.02] | 1 study · 735 participants | Low |
Self‐administered medical abortion vs provider‐administered medical abortion Any complication requiring surgical intervention ‐ RCT · women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) seeking induced abortion Self‐administered versus provider‐administered medical abortion (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Self‐administered medical abortion vs provider‐administered medical abortion Success of medical abortion ‐ NRSs ( · women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) seeking induced abortion Self‐administered versus provider‐administered medical abortion (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.97, 1.01] | 16 studies · 10124 participants | Very low |
Self‐administered medical abortion vs provider‐administered medical abortion Ongoing pregnancy ‐ NRSs ( · women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) seeking induced abortion Self‐administered versus provider‐administered medical abortion (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [0.65, 2.49] | 11 studies · 6691 participants | Very low |
Self‐administered medical abortion vs provider‐administered medical abortion Any complication requiring surgical intervention ‐ NRSs ( · women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) seeking induced abortion Self‐administered versus provider‐administered medical abortion (2020) · Cochrane | RR 2.14 [0.8, 5.71] | 3 studies · 2452 participants | Very low |
Levonorgestrel vs Yuzpe Observed number of pregnancies (all women) · Women seeking emergency contraception Interventions for emergency contraception (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.57 [0.39, 0.84] | 6 studies · 4750 participants | High |
Mid‐dose mifepristone (25 mg‐50 mg) vs levonorgestrel 1.5 mg Specific side effect ‐ nausea · women seeking emergency contraception Interventions for emergency contraception (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.81 [0.48, 1.36] | 4 studies · 713 participants | Low |