In‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported in‐hospital mortality, and mortality up to 28 days and up to ICU discharge) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported… compared with standard oxygen therapy (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of ICU stay · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Comfort · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
2 findings from 1 review
In‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported in‐hospital mortality, and mortality up to 28 days and up to ICU discharge) · adults in the ICU, requiring respiratory support
HFNC showed no clear difference in in‐hospital mortality (up to 90 days; included studies reported… compared with NIPPV or NIV (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of tachypnea, defined as hours with respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute · patients with the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn
2 findings from 1 review
Change in respiratory rate at 20 minutes · children with acute bronchiolitis
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) showed no clear difference in mean change in respiratory rate (breaths/min) compared with supportive treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death or chronic lung disease · newborn (term* and preterm) infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
nHFV showed no clear difference in death or chronic lung disease compared with nCPAP used (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · newborn (term* and preterm) infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
nHFV showed no clear difference in intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 compared with nCPAP used (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neurodevelopmental disability · newborn (term* and preterm) infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
nHFV showed no clear difference in mortality before hospital discharge compared with nIPPV used (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Endotracheal intubation To discharge · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
nHFV showed no clear difference in endotracheal intubation To discharge compared with nIPPV used (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Chronic lung disease · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
nHFV may leads to lower chronic lung disease compared with nIPPV used (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death or chronic lung disease · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Endotracheal intubation or reintubation To discharge · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
It is very uncertain whether nHFV changes endotracheal intubation or reintubation To discharge compared with HFNC (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Chronic lung disease · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
It is very uncertain whether nHFV changes chronic lung disease compared with HFNC (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death or chronic lung disease · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review
Intraventricular haemorrhage, Papile grade 3/4 · preterm infants with respiratory distress for initial respiratory support
1 finding from 1 review