Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

115 questions · 123 findings · 9 reviews · Dementia and Cognitive Improvement

No studies found 13 · 10.6%GRADE not reported 11 · 8.9%Very low 13 · 10.6%Low 25 · 20.3%Moderate 37 · 30.1%High 24 · 19.5%

Omega‐3 vs placebo

Any adverse event (combined: diarrhoea, urinary tract infection, falls, dizziness, agitations) · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease

Omega‐3 PUFA supplements showed no clear difference in any adverse event (combined: diarrhoea, urinary tract infection,… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

Serious adverse events "Defined as events that result in death, hospitalization, prolongation of hospitalization, or are life threatening (based on the judgment of the study physician)" (Quinn 2010) · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease

Omega‐3 PUFA supplements showed no clear difference in serious adverse events "Defined as events that result in death,… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rivastigmine vs placebo

Change in capacity for activities of daily living · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease
1 finding from 1 review

Rivastigmine vs placebo

Physician rated global impression tests (no change or worse compared with baseline, measured using Global Impression of Change at 26 weeks) · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease

Rivastigmine probably leads to lower physician rated global impression tests (no change or worse compared… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rivastigmine vs placebo

Behavioural symptoms (change from baseline at 26 weeks measured using various scales) · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease
1 finding from 1 review

Rivastigmine vs placebo

Acceptability · Apathy in people with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease

Rivastigmine probably leads to higher acceptability of treatment (as measured by withdrawals from trials… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review