Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

130 questions · 137 findings · 36 reviews · Musculoskeletal

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No studies found 6 · 4.4%GRADE not reported 3 · 2.2%Very low 18 · 13.1%Low 55 · 40.1%Moderate 41 · 29.9%High 14 · 10.2%

SMP vs information only

Self‐management of OA Multiple tools1. Scale from 1 to 10, higher better · patients with osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐management education programmes for osteoarthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
760 participants
Moderate

SMP vs information only

Positive and active engagement in life heiQ subscale for positive and active engagement in life. Scale from 1 to 6 (higher better) · patients with osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐management education programmes for osteoarthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
93 participants
Low

Quality of life measured on multiple scales (0 to 100; higher score = better quality of life) Postintervention: first assessment after end of treatment; no later than 3 months · patients with osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐management education programmes for osteoarthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
648 participants
Moderate

SMP vs non‐SMP intervention

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐management education programmes for osteoarthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
226 participants
Moderate

SMP vs attention control

Quality of life or psychological well‐being (higher = higher quality of life or psychological well‐being): end‐of‐intervention · patients with osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐management education programmes for osteoarthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
165 participants
Low

SMP vs usual care

Self‐management of OA Multiple tools1. Scale from 1 to 10, higher better · patients with osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Self‐management education programmes for osteoarthritis 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 1706 participants
Moderate

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Pain Self reported measures FIQ pain, SF‐36 bodily pain and VAS (transformed range 0 to 100, higher scores mean more pain) · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 169 participants
Low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Muscle strength · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

Aquatic training vs control

Muscle strength · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 152 participants
Low

Aquatic training vs control

Six‐minute walk distance · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 213 participants
Low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Multidimensional function FIQ Total Score. Scale 0‐100 (lower scores indicate greater health) · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 61 participants
Very low

Aquatic training vs land‐based training

Physical function · adults with fibromyalgia

1 finding from 1 review

Aquatic exercise training for fibromyalgia 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 74 participants
Very low

Electromagnetic field treatment vs placebo

Pain VAS 0‐100 (higher means worse) · patients with osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Electromagnetic fields for treating osteoarthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 434 participants
Moderate

Electromagnetic field treatment vs placebo

Function (short‐term) WOMAC scale from: 0 to 100 (higher is worse function). · patients with osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Electromagnetic fields for treating osteoarthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 197 participants
Low

Oral NSAIDs vs placebo

Functional disability at 3 months ‐ not measured · Adults with lateral elbow pain

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for treating lateral elbow pain in adults 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 292 participants
Low

Posterior cruciate ligament retention vs sacrifice (using the same arthroplasty design)

Health related quality of life measures and functional measures with validated instruments (WOMAC, range 0‐100, higher scores indicate worse pain, stiffness and functional limitations) · Patients receiving total knee arthroplasty with or without resection of the posterior cruciate ligament for the treatment of osteoarthritis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Retention versus sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee arthroplasty for treating osteoarthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Posterior cruciate ligament retention vs posterior stabilised sacrifice

Health related quality of life measures and functional measures with validated instruments (WOMAC, range 0‐100, higher scores indicate worse pain, stiffness and functional limitations) · Patients receiving total knee arthroplasty with or without posterior stabilised design for the treatment of osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Retention versus sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee arthroplasty for treating osteoarthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Posterior cruciate ligament retention vs sacrifice (all types of arthroplasty designs)

Health related quality of life measures and functional measures with validated instruments (WOMAC, range 0‐100, higher scores indicate worse pain, stiffness and functional limitations) · Patients receiving total knee arthroplasty with or without posterior stabilised design for the treatment of osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Retention versus sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee arthroplasty for treating osteoarthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Arnica vs ibuprofen

Pain VAS 0‐100 (higher means worse) · patients with hand osteoarthritis

1 finding from 1 review

Topical herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 174 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Pain VAS 0‐100 (higher means worse) · patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

1 finding from 1 review

Topical herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 220 participants
Moderate