Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

116 questions · 126 findings · 12 reviews · Public Health

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No studies found 11 · 8.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 31 · 24.6%Low 44 · 34.9%Moderate 27 · 21.4%High 13 · 10.3%

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Insufficient weight gain in infants · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 110 participants
Very low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Physical injuries · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 652 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Adverse events · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 983 participants
Low

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Infections · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 709 participants
Low

Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs conditional cash transfers: primary outcomes

Dietary diversity · children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households

1 finding from 1 review

Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3896 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no unconditional cash transfer: primary outcomes

Dietary diversity · children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households

1 finding from 1 review

Unconditional cash transfers for reducing poverty and vulnerabilities: effect on use of health services and health… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9347 participants
Low

Conditional cash transfers vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 3937 participants
Moderate

Income‐generation interventions vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 3677 participants
Low

Food vouchers vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · poor households

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2459 participants
Low

Food and nutrition subsidies vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · primary schools and households and members of healthcare plan

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 656 participants
Low

Social support vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · households at risk of food insecurity

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1615 participants
Very low

Summary of findings: unconditional cash transfer vs no intervention

Dietary diversity · children (0 to 17 years) and adults (≥ 18 years) or households

1 finding from 1 review

Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 12631 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Measures of child diete · children up to the age of 6 years

1 finding from 1 review

Strategies to improve the implementation of healthy eating, physical activity and obesity prevention policies,… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 134 participants
Low

Targeted mass media intervention vs targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content

Intake meeting target from dietary guidelines, 3 months from baseline · adult, ethnic minority groups: Latino immigrants, elderly Chinese immigrants, self‐described Americans of African heritage

It is very uncertain whether targeted mass media intervention changes intake meeting target from dietary guidelines, 3 months from baseline compared with targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases in adult,… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.53 [1.96, 15.58]
1 study · 718 participants
Very low

Targeted mass media intervention vs targeted mass media intervention plus personalised content

Changes in dietary composition, 12 months from baseline · adult, ethnic minority groups: Latino immigrants, elderly Chinese immigrants, self‐described Americans of African heritage

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases in adult,… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 286 participants
Very low

Targeted mass media intervention vs no intervention

Changes in dietary composition, 12 months from baseline · adult, ethnic minority group: self‐described Americans of African heritage

1 finding from 1 review

Targeted mass media interventions promoting healthy behaviours to reduce risk of non‐communicable diseases in adult,… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 154 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Fruit consumption · children aged six months to six years

The intervention showed no clear difference in fruit consumption (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.11
11 studies · 2901 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Vegetable consumption · children aged six months to six years

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes vegetable consumption (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.12
13 studies · 3335 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Non‐core foods (i.e. less healthy or discretionary) consumption · children aged six months to six years

The intervention showed no clear difference in non‐core foods (i.e. less healthy or discretionary) consumption (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.05
7 studies · 1369 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption · children aged six months to six years

The intervention showed no clear difference in sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Healthy eating interventions delivered in early childhood education and care settings for improving the diet of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.1
3 studies · 522 participants
Moderate