Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

184 questions · 184 findings · 22 reviews

No studies found 58 · 31.5%GRADE not reported 12 · 6.5%Very low 53 · 28.8%Low 41 · 22.3%Moderate 14 · 7.6%High 6 · 3.3%

Pelvic floor muscle training vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 5‐14 years with daytime urinary incontinence or post‐micturition dribbling

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at end of treatment or 1… compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback vs anticholinergics

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 6 to 12 years with overactive bladder with urge incontinence

It is very uncertain whether voiding education with uroflowmetry and feedback changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence at 12 months after 6… compared with anticholinergics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy vs urotherapy alone

Resolution of daytime urinary incontinence · children aged 3 to 17 years with daytime urinary incontinence

It is very uncertain whether pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with urotherapy changes resolution of daytime urinary incontinence after 12 months of… compared with urotherapy alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: figure‐of‐eight bandage vs arm sling

Treatment failure (Number of participants who have undergone or are being considered for a surgical intervention) · patients (mainly young male adults) with fractures of the middle third of the clavicle

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Treatment failure (graft rupture or ACL reconstruction) at 2 years5 · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)

The intervention may leads to lower treatment failure (graft rupture or ACL reconstruction) at 2 years5 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Treatment failure (meniscal surgery) at 5 years5,7 · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)

The intervention showed no clear difference in treatment failure (meniscal surgery) at 5 years5,7 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Hydrocephalus shunt · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in hydrocephalus shunt compared with conservative treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Death · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in death compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Major disability in survivors · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in major disability in survivors compared with conservative treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Multiple disability in survivors · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in multiple disability in survivors compared with conservative treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Death or disability · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in death or disability compared with conservative treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Death or shunt · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in death or shunt compared with conservative treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures vs conservative treatment

Infection of CSF presurgery · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…

Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in infection of CSF presurgery compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review