Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

299 questions · 299 findings · 15 reviews · Airways

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No studies found 18 · 6%GRADE not reported 23 · 7.7%Very low 5 · 1.7%Low 56 · 18.7%Moderate 146 · 48.8%High 51 · 17.1%

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 13 RCTs Total Participants: 144476 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 144476 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 8 RCTs; 7511 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 7511 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3187 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3187 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCT; 2039 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2039 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Outcome№ of participants(studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of participants: 7511(8 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of participants: 7511(8… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.83, 1.29]
8 studies · 7511 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 814(1 RCT)

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe exacerbations ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants:… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.57 [0.17, 1.93]
1 study · 814 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3187(3 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3187(3… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.13 [0.85, 1.5]
3 studies · 3187 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2039(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2039(2… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.05 [0.76, 1.47]
2 studies · 2039 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2660(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2660(2… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.81, 1.44]
2 studies · 2660 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 5004(4 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 5004(4… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.77, 1.18]
4 studies · 5004 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 2998(3 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD TRIPLE№ of participants: 2998(3 RCTs) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.72, 1.27]
3 studies · 2998 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

All cause SAEs ‐ TRIPLE vs DUAL№ of participants: 8192(6 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in all cause SAEs ‐ TRIPLE vs DUAL№ of participants: 8192(6 RCTs) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.03 [0.87, 1.21]
6 studies · 8192 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Asthma‐related SAEs ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of participants: 6244(6 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in asthma‐related SAEs ‐ HD‐ICS/LABA vs MD‐ICS LABA№ of participants:… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.8, 2.21]
6 studies · 6244 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Asthma‐related SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 3188(3 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in asthma‐related SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants:… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.52 [0.85, 2.69]
3 studies · 3188 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Asthma‐related SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2039(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in asthma‐related SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs MD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants:… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.41, 1.8]
2 studies · 2039 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Asthma‐related SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 2660(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in asthma‐related SAEs ‐ MD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants:… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.35 [0.77, 2.36]
2 studies · 2660 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Severe exacerbations ‐ TRIPLE vs DUAL№ of participants: 2540(2 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in severe exacerbations ‐ TRIPLE vs DUAL№ of participants: 2540(2 RCTs) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.51, 1.4]
2 studies · 2540 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Asthma‐related SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants: 5004(4 RCTs)

The intervention showed no clear difference in asthma‐related SAEs ‐ HD TRIPLE vs HD‐ICS/LABA№ of participants:… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.58, 1.27]
4 studies · 5004 participants
High