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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,653 questions in 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility
current versionsNo studies 531 · 20%Ungraded 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs biological graft Recurrent anterior compartment prolapse (1‐2 years) · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.32 [1.06, 1.65] | 8 studies · 701 participants | Moderate |
Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs biological graft Stress urinary incontinence (1‐2 years) · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.44 [0.79, 2.64] | 2 studies · 218 participants | Moderate |
Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs biological graft Dyspareunia (1‐2 years) · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.39, 1.93] | 2 studies · 151 participants | Low |
Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs polypropylene mesh Awareness of prolapse (1‐3 years) · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.77 [1.37, 2.28] | 9 studies · 1133 participants | Moderate |
Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs polypropylene mesh Repeat surgery for prolapse (1‐3 years) · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse (2016) · Cochrane | RR 2.03 [1.15, 3.58] | 12 studies · 1629 participants | Moderate |
Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs polypropylene mesh Repeat surgery for stress urinary incontinence (1‐2 years) · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.6, 2.36] | 5 studies · 881 participants | Low |
Anterior prolapse repair: native tissue vs polypropylene mesh Recurrent anterior compartment prolapse (1‐3 years) · women with anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse Surgery for women with anterior compartment prolapse (2016) · Cochrane | RR 3.01 [2.52, 3.6] | 16 studies · 1976 participants | Low |
Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI Live birth rate per woman · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.89, 1.23] | 3 studies · 1200 participants | Very low |
Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI Ongoing pregnancy rate per woman · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.85, 1.12] | 6 studies · 1740 participants | Very low |
Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI Clinical pregnancy rate per woman · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.98, 1.19] | 12 studies · 2461 participants | Very low |
Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI Multiple pregnancy rate per woman · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.86, 1.44] | 8 studies · 1837 participants | Moderate |
Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI Miscarriage rate per woman · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.16 [0.84, 1.6] | 9 studies · 2153 participants | Moderate |
Day 3 vs Day 2 embryo transfer following IVF or ICSI Ectopic pregnancy rate per woman · Women undergoing in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection Day three versus day two embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.29, 3.4] | 6 studies · 1531 participants | Low |
Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment Live birth · Women with subfertility Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.72, 1.15] | 3 studies · 1053 participants | Moderate |
Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment Clinical pregnancy · Women with subfertility Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.91, 1.17] | 10 studies · 2142 participants | Moderate |
Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment Multiple pregnancy (on ultrasound) · Women with subfertility Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.37, 1.25] | 2 studies · 656 participants | Low |
Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment Miscarriage rate per woman · Women with subfertility Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 [0.68, 1.77] | 5 studies · 1497 participants | Low |
Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment Ectopic pregnancy · Women with subfertility Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.86 [0.75, 4.63] | 3 studies · 1135 participants | Very low |
Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment Vaginal bleeding · Women with subfertility Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.01 [0.14, 7.13] | 1 study · 487 participants | Very low |
Low‐dose aspirin vs placebo or no treatment Other adverse events · Women with subfertility Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch Live birth and ongoing pregnancy (per woman randomised) · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.47 [1.3, 1.65] | 13 studies · 5859 participants | Low |
Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch Live birth · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.53 [1.29, 1.8] | 4 studies · 3117 participants | Low |
Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch Ongoing pregnancy · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.4 [1.19, 1.66] | 9 studies · 2742 participants | Moderate |
Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch Clinical pregnancy (per woman randomised) · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.31 [1.17, 1.45] | 20 studies · 6711 participants | Moderate |
Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch Multiple pregnancy (per woman randomised) · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.13 [0.87, 1.45] | 8 studies · 3379 participants | Moderate |
Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch Miscarriage (per woman randomised) · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.99 [0.74, 1.31] | 11 studies · 4053 participants | Moderate |
Ultrasound‐guided embryo transfer vs clinical touch Ectopic pregnancy (per woman randomised) · Women undergoing embryo transfer as part of IVF or ICSI cycle Ultrasound versus 'clinical touch' for catheter guidance during embryo transfer in women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.64 [0.28, 1.49] | 8 studies · 3761 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Pain: Acupuncture versus sham or placebo control · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 477 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Adverse effects: Acupressure versus placebo , no treatment or active controls · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events: Acupuncture versus sham or placebo control · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain: Acupuncture versus NSAIDs · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | OR 4.99 [2.82, 8.82] | 10 studies · 611 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Adverse events: Acupuncture versus NSAIDs · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.1 [0.02, 0.44] | 4 studies · 239 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain: Acupuncture versus no treatment · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 384 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Adverse events: Acupuncture versus no treatment · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain: Acupressure versus sham or placebo control · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 538 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain: Acupressure versus NSAIDs · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | MD 0.39 | 1 study · 136 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Pain score: Acupressure versus no treatment · women with primary dysmenorrhoea Acupuncture for dysmenorrhoea (2016) · Cochrane | MD 0.96 | 2 studies · 140 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs placebo Vasomotor symptoms (all doses) · postmenopausal women with vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.33 [0.27, 0.41] | 5 studies · 842 participants | Moderate |
Tibolone vs combined HT Unscheduled bleeding (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.32 [0.24, 0.41] | 16 studies · 6438 participants | Moderate |
Tibolone vs combined HT Endometrial cancer (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.47 [0.23, 9.33] | 5 studies · 3689 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs combined HT Breast cancer; women without previous breast cancer (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 1.69 [0.78, 3.67] | 5 studies · 4835 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs combined HT Venous thromboembolic events (clinical evaluation; all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.44 [0.09, 2.14] | 4 studies · 4529 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs combined HT Cardiovascular events (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.63 [0.24, 1.66] | 2 studies · 3794 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs combined HT Cerebrovascular event (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.76 [0.16, 3.66] | 4 studies · 4562 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs combined HT Mortality from any cause (tibolone 2.5 mg/d) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 3.05 [0.12, 75.2] | 2 studies · 970 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs placebo Endometrial cancer (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 2.04 [0.79, 5.24] | 9 studies · 8504 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs placebo Breast cancer; women without previous breast cancer (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.52 [0.21, 1.25] | 4 studies · 5500 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs placebo Unscheduled bleeding (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 2.79 [2.1, 3.7] | 9 studies · 7814 participants | Moderate |
Tibolone vs placebo Venous thromboembolic events (clinical evaluation) all doses · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | OR 0.85 [0.37, 1.97] | 5 studies · 9176 participants | Very low |
Tibolone vs placebo Cardiovascular events (all doses) · postmenopausal women with or without vasomotor symptoms Short‐term and long‐term effects of tibolone in postmenopausal women (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 8401 participants | Very low |