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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,206 questions in 117 reviews · Common Mental Disorders
current versionsNo studies 387 · 17.5%Ungraded 111 · 5%Very low 635 · 28.8%Low 568 · 25.7%Moderate 449 · 20.4%High 56 · 2.5%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Fluoxetine vs phenelzine Failure to respond (reduction ≥ 50% on HDRS) · patients with depression Fluoxetine versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression (2013) · Cochrane | OR 1.42 [0.27, 7.34] | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Fluoxetine vs phenelzine Endpoint score (HDRS or MADRS) · patients with depression Fluoxetine versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Fluoxetine vs phenelzine Failure to complete ‐ total ‐ · patients with depression Fluoxetine versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression (2013) · Cochrane | OR 0.18 [0.01, 4.01] | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low |
Fluoxetine vs phenelzine Failure to complete ‐ inefficacy ‐ · patients with depression Fluoxetine versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Exercise vs control Symptoms of depression Different scales · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 35 studies · 1353 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs pharmacological treatments Symptoms of depression · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 300 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs pharmacological treatments Acceptability of treatment · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 278 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs pharmacological treatments Quality of life · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 1 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs pharmacological treatments Adverse events · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 3 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs control Symptoms of depression (long‐term) different scales · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 377 participants | Low |
Exercise vs control Adverse events · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 6 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs control Acceptability of treatment · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 29 studies · 1363 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs control Quality of life · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 4 participants | Ungraded |
Exercise vs psychological treatments Symptoms of depression · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 189 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs psychological treatments Acceptability of treatment · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 172 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs psychological treatments Quality of Life · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 1 participants | Moderate |
Exercise vs bright light therapy Symptoms of depression · adults with depression Exercise for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 18 participants | Very low |
Aripiprazole vs placebo Mean change in YMRS from baseline at three weeks Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS): an 11‐item questionnaire to assess the severity of core symptoms of mania. Scale from 0 to 60 · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1819 participants | Moderate |
Aripiprazole vs other drug treatment Barnes Akathisia Scale LOCF at week 12 A physician‐assessed rating scale to assess the severity of drug‐induced akathisia Scale from 0 to 14 · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 646 participants | Low |
Aripiprazole vs other drug treatment Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale LOCF at week 12 A physician‐administered rating scale with 12 items to measure tardive dyskinesia Scale from 0 to 40 · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 634 participants | Low |
Aripiprazole vs other drug treatment Simpson Angus Scale LOCF at week 12 A physician‐administered rating scale to measure drug‐induced Parkinsonism Scale from 0 to 40. · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 646 participants | Low |
Aripiprazole vs placebo ≥ 50% decrease in total YMRS from baseline at three weeks Young Mania Rating Scale (as above) · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.7 [1.23, 2.34] | 1230 participants | Moderate |
Aripiprazole vs placebo Numbers completing double‐blind treatment Number of participants · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.95, 1.12] | 2216 participants | Moderate |
Aripiprazole vs placebo Requirement for anticholinergics number of participants requiring medication for extrapyramidal side effects · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | RR 3.28 [1.82, 5.91] | 730 participants | High |
Aripiprazole vs placebo Akathisia Participant report · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | RR 3.16 [2.25, 4.43] | 2305 participants | High |
Aripiprazole vs placebo Nausea Participant report · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.5 [1.2, 1.88] | 2305 participants | High |
Aripiprazole vs other drug treatment Mean change in YMRS from baseline at week three Young Mania Rating Scale: an 11‐item questionnaire to assess the severity of the core symptoms of mania. Scale from 0 to 60 · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 972 participants | Moderate |
Aripiprazole vs other drug treatment ≥ 50% decrease in YMRS from baseline at week three Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS): as above · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.77, 1.63] | 990 participants | Moderate |
Aripiprazole vs other drug treatment Numbers completing the trial (at end of week three) Number of participants · patients with an acute manic or mixed episode Aripiprazole alone or in combination for acute mania (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.13 [1.03, 1.24] | 994 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Anxiety (any measure), self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 72 studies · 4537 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Response (specific), self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | RR 2.34 [1.81, 3.03] | 21 studies · 1547 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Depression, self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 50 studies · 3682 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Quality of life, self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 1344 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Anxiety (any measure), self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 24 studies · 1360 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Response (specific), self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.56, 1.09] | 10 studies · 575 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Depression, self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 13 studies · 906 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Quality of life, self‐rated at post‐treatment · adults with anxiety Media‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy and behavioural therapy (self‐help) for anxiety disorders in… (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 282 participants | Very low |
BT vs all other psychological therapies Response · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.86, 1.09] | 18 studies · 690 participants | Low |
BT vs CBT Depression severity · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 15 studies · 529 participants | Moderate |
BT vs CBT Dropouts for any reason · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.46 [0.68, 3.14] | 11 studies · 363 participants | Moderate |
BT vs psychodynamic therapies Response · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.24 [0.84, 1.82] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Low |
BT vs psychodynamic therapies Remission · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.32 [0.85, 2.06] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Low |
BT vs psychodynamic therapies Depression severity · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 93 participants | Moderate |
BT vs psychodynamic therapies Dropouts for any reason · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.47, 1.7] | 2 studies · 96 participants | Moderate |
BT vs all other psychological therapies Remission · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.8, 1.04] | 18 studies · 694 participants | Low |
BT vs all other psychological therapies Response at · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.59, 1.01] | 9 studies · 356 participants | Low |
BT vs all other psychological therapies Depression severity · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 18 studies · 656 participants | Moderate |
BT vs all other psychological therapies Dropouts for any reason · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.65, 1.61] | 15 studies · 495 participants | Moderate |
BT vs CBT Response · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.83, 1.05] | 15 studies · 544 participants | Low |
BT vs CBT Remission · people with depression Behavioural therapies versus other psychological therapies for depression (2013) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.75, 1] | 16 studies · 560 participants | Low |