Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,935 questions · 1,986 findings · 260 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 503 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 76 · 3.8%Very low 593 · 29.9%Low 509 · 25.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 64 · 3.2%

Tonsillectomy vs no intervention

Relapse · people with chronic plaque psoriasis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antistreptococcal interventions for guttate and chronic plaque psoriasis 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention

Client reminder and recall (customised letter or phone call) compared to form letter · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 82465 participants
High

Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention

Client reminder and recall (telephone call from retired teacher plus educational brochure) compared to usual publicity · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

Increasing community demand leads to higher client reminder and recall (telephone call from retired teacher plus… compared with no intervention or another intervention (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.33 [1.79, 6.22]
1 study · 193 participants
High

Increasing community demand vs no intervention or another intervention

Client reminder and recall (telephone invitation) compared to invitation to patient when "dropped in" to clinic · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

Increasing community demand probably leads to higher client reminder and recall (telephone invitation) compared to… compared with no intervention or another intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to increase influenza vaccination rates of those 60 years and older in the community 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.72 [1.55, 4.76]
1 study · 243 participants
Moderate

Alpha‐blockers vs placebo

Surgical intervention · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease

Alpha‐blockers showed no clear difference in surgical intervention compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.93 [0.7, 1.24]
5 studies · 1458 participants
High

Alpha‐blockers vs usual care

Surgical intervention · adult patients presenting with symptoms of ureteral stone disease

Alpha‐blockers showed no clear difference in surgical intervention compared with standard therapy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Alpha‐blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.53, 1.02]
19 studies · 3292 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Salt intake in grams per day ‐ subset of initiatives that are multi‐component and incorporate activities of a structural nature (n = 7 countries) · ‐level interventions in national government jurisdictions to reduce sodium consumption

1 finding from 1 review

Population‐level interventions in government jurisdictions for dietary sodium reduction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 34227 participants
Very low

Augmented subscapularis transposition vs subscapularis transposition alone during total shoulder arthroplasty

Component loosening / revisions ‐ not reported · Patients with rheumatoid shoulder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical interventions for the rheumatoid shoulder 2010 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Buspirone vs placebo

Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest · adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use

Buspirone showed no clear difference in benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.6 [0.34, 1.05]
1 study · 23 participants
Low

Buspirone vs placebo

Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest · adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 15 participants
Very low

Enhanced educational intervention and structured follow‐up vs standard education

Time to occurrence of new ulcer · s

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Patient and lay carer education for preventing pressure ulceration in at‐risk populations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Enhanced educational intervention and structured follow‐up vs standard education

Proportion of participants developing a new ulcer · s

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Patient and lay carer education for preventing pressure ulceration in at‐risk populations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg vs ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg

Participant‐reported improvement of hirsutism ‐ not measured · patients with hirsutism

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for hirsutism (excluding laser and photoepilation therapy alone) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg vs ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg

Change in health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) ‐ not measured · patients with hirsutism

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for hirsutism (excluding laser and photoepilation therapy alone) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg vs ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg

Proportion of participants who reported an adverse event · patients with hirsutism

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg showed no clear difference in proportion of participants who reported an adverse event compared with ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for hirsutism (excluding laser and photoepilation therapy alone) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.41 [0.08, 2.05]
1 study · 100 participants
Moderate

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg vs ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg

Clinician's assessment of improvement of hirsutism Ferriman‐Gallwey score Scale from: 0 to 36 · patients with hirsutism

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for hirsutism (excluding laser and photoepilation therapy alone) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 164 participants
Low

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg vs ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg

Change in serum androgen levels · patients with hirsutism

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for hirsutism (excluding laser and photoepilation therapy alone) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 184 participants
High

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg vs ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg

Change in BMI · patients with hirsutism

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for hirsutism (excluding laser and photoepilation therapy alone) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 136 participants
Moderate

Ethinyl estradiol 35 μg + cyproterone acetate 2 mg vs ethinyl estradiol 30 μg + desogestrel 0.15 mg

Improvement of other clinical signs of hyperandrogenism Acne score ‐ grade 1 to 4 (higher is worse) · patients with hirsutism

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for hirsutism (excluding laser and photoepilation therapy alone) 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Moderate

Prednisone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Persistent kidney disease at any time after treatment · patients with IgAV

Prednisone showed no clear difference in persistent kidney disease at any time after treatment compared with placebo or supportive treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and treating kidney disease in IgA vasculitis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.42, 1.32]
5 studies · 746 participants
Moderate