Cochrane · systematic review · CD011481
Pharmacological interventions for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Baandrup, L, Ebdrup, BH, Rasmussen, JØ, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018 · Cochrane Library
Drugs and AlcoholAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
60
current version
GRADE rated
29
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 31 · 51.7%Very low 21 · 35%Low 8 · 13.3%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Valproate compared with placebo or no intervention for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Valproate vs placebo or no intervention | RR 2.55 [1.08, 6.03] | 1 study · 27 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Valproate vs placebo or no intervention | RR 1.57 [0.8, 3.09] | 1 study · 24 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Valproate vs placebo or no intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 56 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Valproate vs placebo or no intervention | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Carbamazepine compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Carbamazepine vs placebo | RR 1.33 [0.99, 1.8] | 3 studies · 147 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Carbamazepine vs placebo | RR 1.41 [0.86, 2.29] | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Carbamazepine vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 76 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Carbamazepine vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Lithium compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Lithium vs placebo | RR 1.05 [0.86, 1.28] | 1 study · 230 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Lithium vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Lithium vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Lithium vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Pregabalin compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Pregabalin vs placebo | RR 1.44 [0.92, 2.25] | 1 study · 106 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Pregabalin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, Physician Withdrawal Checklist (PWCL), end of intervention Pregabalin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 106 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Pregabalin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Captodiame compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Captodiame vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Captodiame vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, Benzodiazepine Withdrawal Symptom Questionnaire (BWSQ), end of intervention Captodiame vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 81 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Captodiame vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Paroxetine compared with placebo or no intervention for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Paroxetine vs placebo or no intervention | RR 1.45 [0.88, 2.39] | 3 studies · 221 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Paroxetine vs placebo or no intervention | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, BWSQ, end of intervention Paroxetine vs placebo or no intervention | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 99 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, BWSQ, longest Paroxetine vs placebo or no intervention | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 54 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Tricyclic antidepressants compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Tricyclic antidepressants vs placebo | RR 0.82 [0.52, 1.28] | 2 studies · 105 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Tricyclic antidepressants vs placebo | RR 2.2 [1.27, 3.82] | 1 study · 47 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, Physician Withdrawal Checklist, end of intervention Tricyclic antidepressants vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 38 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Tricyclic antidepressants vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Alpidem compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Alpidem vs placebo | RR 0.41 [0.17, 0.99] | 1 study · 25 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Alpidem vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Withdrawal syndrome (clinical diagnosis), end of intervention Alpidem vs placebo | RR 4.86 [1.12, 21.14] | 1 study · 145 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Alpidem vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Buspirone compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Buspirone vs placebo | RR 0.82 [0.49, 1.37] | 4 studies · 143 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Buspirone vs placebo | RR 0.6 [0.34, 1.05] | 1 study · 23 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Buspirone vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Buspirone vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 15 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Melatonin compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Melatonin vs placebo | RR 1.2 [0.73, 1.96] | 4 studies · 219 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Melatonin vs placebo | RR 1.03 [0.47, 2.27] | 1 study · 38 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazpine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Melatonin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Melatonin vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Flumazenil compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Flumazenil vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Flumazenil vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Flumazenil vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 58 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Flumazenil vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Progesterone compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Progesterone vs placebo | RR 1.15 [0.52, 2.54] | 1 study · 35 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Progesterone vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Progesterone vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Progesterone vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Magnesium aspartate compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Magnesium aspartate vs placebo | RR 0.8 [0.66, 0.96] | 1 study · 144 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Magnesium aspartate vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Magnesium aspartate vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Magnesium aspartate vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Homéogène 46/Sedatif PC (homeopathic drugs) compared with placebo for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Homéogène 46/Sedatif PC (homeopathic drugs) vs placebo | RR 0.79 [0.36, 1.7] | 1 study · 51 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Homéogène 46/Sedatif PC (homeopathic drugs) vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Homéogène 46/Sedatif PC (homeopathic drugs) vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Homéogène 46/Sedatif PC (homeopathic drugs) vs placebo | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Carbamazepine compared with tricyclic antidepressant for benzodiazepine discontinuation in chronic benzodiazepine users
Population: adults who withdraw from chronic benzodiazepine use
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, end of intervention Carbamazepine vs tricyclic antidepressant | RR 1 [0.78, 1.29] | 1 study · 48 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Benzodiazepine discontinuation, longest Carbamazepine vs tricyclic antidepressant | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, end of intervention Carbamazepine vs tricyclic antidepressant | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, longest Carbamazepine vs tricyclic antidepressant | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |