Objective measurement of volume of incontinent episodes · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Resource implications (e.g. cost of incontinence management methods) · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life measurements · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse effects · children aged 5 to 16 years with daytime urinary incontinence
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Children aged 12-15 years (adolescents)
In adolescents (12-15 y) from a low-contamination area, individual studies reported higher DMFT/dmft in exposed than non-exposed children; not pooled (ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
Dental caries · Children aged 5-7 years (early school-age)
In early school-age children (5-7 y) from a low-contamination area, one study reported higher DMFT/dmft in exposed than non-exposed children; the estimate was not pooled (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
MWD ‐ change from baseline · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§
1 finding from 1 review
Change from baseline in 6MWT (metres) · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§
1 finding from 1 review
PFWD (change in metres) (4–40 weeks' · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§
1 finding from 1 review
ABI ‐ absolute value · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§
It is very uncertain whether supervised exercise therapy following vascular intervention changes mortality compared with vascular intervention alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of Life: SF‐36 (physical component) · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§
1 finding from 1 review
Reintervention · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§
It is very uncertain whether supervised exercise therapy following vascular intervention changes reintervention compared with vascular intervention alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years
It is very uncertain whether fluoride toothpaste less than 1000 ppm (lower concentration) changes fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with fluoride toothpaste 1000 ppm or more (higher concentration) (very low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)
One Nigerian cross-sectional study reported a significant adjusted association between nutritional (stunting) status and ECC (APR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.69); ungraded.
4 findings from 1 review
APR 0.14 [0.03, 0.69]
1 study · 370 participants
GRADE not reported
Correlation (r) -0.091
1 study · 82 participants
GRADE not reported
The bi-directional relationship between growth stunting and early childhood caries: a rapid review. 2023 All outcomes2-year follow-up · Ecuador (rural) · Sokal-Gutierrez et al. 2016 (Ecuador; pre vs post intervention)
Pre/post ECC prevalence, dmft, and deep-caries proportion (2-year follow-up) Age 1: prevalence 53.8% to 30.3%, dmft 2.1 to 0.9; Age 2: prevalence 82% to 60%, dmft 5.3 to 3.0, deep caries 19% to 12% (pre vs post)
1 study · 1575 participants
GRADE not reported
Show 1 more finding
Lightness/brightness change of white spot lesion (luminosity L*, T0 to T1) · Patients with post-orthodontic white spot lesions and permanent dentition
ICON resin infiltration showed no statistically significant change in lightness/brightness of post-orthodontic white spot lesions at 6 months (pooled Cohen's d/SMD -0.001, 95% CI -0.23 to 0.23; 3 studies, 330 teeth; I2=97%); not GRADE-rated.
1 finding from 1 review
Color change of white spot lesion (color difference, T0 to T1) · Patients with post-orthodontic white spot lesions and permanent dentition
ICON resin infiltration significantly improved the color of post-orthodontic white spot lesions at 6 months (pooled Cohen's d/SMD 1.36, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.59; 4 studies, 458 teeth), although heterogeneity was very high (I2=98%) with a heavy outlier (Kannan); not GRADE-rated.
1 finding from 1 review
Canine expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…
Fixed bonded Hyrax appliance followed by U-bow activator therapy showed no clear difference in canine expansion compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Molar expansion · Children and adults with a posterior crossbite, without a Class III skeletal relationship, cleft lip or palate (or both), or other…
Fixed bonded Hyrax appliance followed by U-bow activator therapy showed no clear difference in molar expansion compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
White spot lesion formation (QLF: fluorescence loss, lesion area) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35)
A single RCT found indirect bonding with flowable composite reduced white spot lesion formation versus direct bonding (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review