Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,097 questions · 3,266 findings · 631 reviews

No studies found 430 · 13.2%GRADE not reported 193 · 5.9%Very low 995 · 30.5%Low 904 · 27.7%Moderate 591 · 18.1%High 153 · 4.7%

Higher drinking-water fluoride exposure vs Lower water fluoride concentration (concurrent control)

Adverse effects: dental fluorosis · Populations of all ages (mostly children) exposed to drinking water with differing fluoride concentrations

Higher water fluoride concentration (fluoridated water; natural or… may leads to higher dental fluorosis of any level (all severities) compared with lower water fluoride concentration (concurrent control) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin vs urinary follicle stimulating hormone

OHSS · ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome

It is very uncertain whether human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal… changes incidence of OHSS per woman compared with urinary follicle stimulating hormone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin vs urinary follicle stimulating hormone

Live birth rate per woman · ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome

It is very uncertain whether human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal… changes live birth rate per woman compared with urinary follicle stimulating hormone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin vs urinary follicle stimulating hormone

Multiple pregnancy rate · ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome

It is very uncertain whether human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal… changes incidence of multiple pregnancy (per woman) compared with urinary follicle stimulating hormone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin vs urinary follicle stimulating hormone

Clinical pregnancy rate · ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome

It is very uncertain whether human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal… changes clinical pregnancy rate per woman compared with urinary follicle stimulating hormone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal gonadotrophin vs urinary follicle stimulating hormone

Miscarriage · ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome

It is very uncertain whether human menopausal gonadotrophin or highly purified human menopausal… changes miscarriage rate per woman compared with urinary follicle stimulating hormone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), higher dose (1260 to 12,600 micrograms) vs Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), lower dose (12.6 to 126 micrograms)

Oral mucositis (severe) · breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), higher… led to higher oral mucositis (severe) compared with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), lower…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Discussion of individual clinical photographs (plaque highlighted by a disclosing agent) as an oral hygiene motivator, plus oral hygiene instruction vs No discussion of clinical photographs, but received the same oral hygiene instruction

Plaque · People with ID (level of ID and age unclear); setting day centre

It is very uncertain whether discussion of individual clinical photographs (plaque highlighted by… changes plaque (medium term) compared with no discussion of clinical photographs, but received the same oral… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy (2400 IU/day from pregnancy week 24 to 1 week postpartum, in addition to the recommended 400 IU/day) vs Low-dose (standard) vitamin D supplementation as recommended in national pregnancy guidelines

Caries presence in primary teeth · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…

It is very uncertain whether high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy (2400 IU/day… changes caries presence in primary teeth compared with low-dose (standard) vitamin D supplementation as recommended in… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy (2400 IU/day from pregnancy week 24 to 1 week postpartum, in addition to the recommended 400 IU/day) vs Low-dose (standard) vitamin D supplementation as recommended in national pregnancy guidelines

Dental caries · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Oral health education/promotion (oral hygiene advice plus diet and feeding practice advice) combined with clinical treatment for mother's dentition (basic restorative and preventive; 1 trial included CHX varnish application) vs usual care

Mother microbiological presence (high-level mutans streptococci / lactobacilli) · For interventions, pregnant women and mothers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years of age

Oral health education/promotion (oral hygiene advice plus diet and… showed no clear difference in mother microbiological presence (high-level mutans streptococci /… compared with standard care; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for the main comparison: comprehensive care programmes vs usual care

Parent health, functioning, and quality of life Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) (higher scores = more of the outcome of interest, which can mean improvement or deterioration depending on the outcome) · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for the main comparison: comprehensive care programmes vs usual care

Child and family satisfaction with, and perceptions of, care and service delivery Family Experiences With Coordination of Care (FECC) survey (higher scores = better) Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (higher scores = ... · children with medical complexity
1 finding from 1 review