Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,730 questions · 18,059 findings · 1,282 reviews

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No studies found 4,360 · 24.1%GRADE not reported 2,529 · 14%Very low 4,641 · 25.7%Low 4,007 · 22.2%Moderate 2,057 · 11.4%High 465 · 2.6%

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Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Percentage days with substance use at

2 findings from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 248 participants
Very low
Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 167 participants
Very low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Consumed amount at post‐treatment Lower SMD favors MBI

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 221 participants
Very low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Consumed amount at

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 142 participants
Very low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Craving

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 128 participants
Very low

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) vs no treatment

Secondary outcome: acceptability of treatment

1 finding from 1 review

Mindfulness‐based interventions for substance use disorders 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
21 studies · 1087 participants
High

Mobile phone interventions vs usual care

Contraception use · female users or non‐users of contraception

Summary of findings table ‐ Mobile phone‐based interventions probably leads to higher contraception use compared with standard of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone‐based interventions for improving contraception use 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.3 [1.06, 1.6]
16 studies · 8972 participants
Moderate

Mobile phone interventions vs usual care

Pregnancy · female users or non‐users of contraception

Summary of findings table ‐ Mobile phone‐based interventions showed no clear difference in pregnancy compared with standard of care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mobile phone‐based interventions for improving contraception use 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.82 [0.48, 1.38]
8 studies · 2947 participants
Moderate

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Incidence of depression ‐ short term: < 6 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether psychological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ short term: < 6 months compared with treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prevention of depression in adults with long‐term physical conditions 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.71 [0.36, 1.38]
1 study · 190 participants
Very low

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Incidence of depression ‐ medium term: 6‐12 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

1 finding from 1 review

Prevention of depression in adults with long‐term physical conditions 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Incidence of depression ‐ long term: > 12 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

1 finding from 1 review

Prevention of depression in adults with long‐term physical conditions 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Tolerability ‐ total number of adverse events · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

1 finding from 1 review

Prevention of depression in adults with long‐term physical conditions 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Adverse effects (drop‐outs due to adverse effects4) · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

1 finding from 1 review

Prevention of depression in adults with long‐term physical conditions 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group

Adverse events at study endpoint · preventing mental disorders

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group

Psychological functioning and impairment at study endpoint (higher score = higher disability) · preventing mental disorders

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 479 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group

Depressive symptoms · preventing mental disorders

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 223 participants
Moderate
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 638 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group

Anxiety · preventing mental disorders

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 28 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Selective prevention interventions vs control group

Distress/PTSD symptoms at study endpoint (higher score = higher severity) · preventing mental disorders

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 535 participants
Very low
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 159 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group

Diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint (RR < 1 denotes lower risk of mental diagnosis) · preventing mental disorders

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions changes diagnosis of mental disorders at study endpoint (RR < 1 denotes… compared with control group (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.3 [0.06, 1.57]
3 studies · 843 participants
Very low
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.77 [0.51, 1.17]
1 study · 220 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group

QoL · preventing mental disorders

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 1136 participants
Very low
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 152 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Indicated prevention interventions vs control group

Adverse events at study endpoint · preventing mental disorders

2 findings from 1 review

Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
Low
Primary‐level and community worker interventions for the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported