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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,000 questions in 69 reviews · Urology
current versionsNo studies 196 · 19.6%Ungraded 33 · 3.3%Very low 198 · 19.8%Low 354 · 35.4%Moderate 206 · 20.6%High 13 · 1.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and a favourable risk according to the… First‐line therapy for adults with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review and network… (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Blood transfusion · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.45 [0.27, 0.76] | 9 studies · 1353 participants | Moderate |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Blood transfusion · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.4 [0.2, 0.81] | 1 study · 400 participants | Moderate |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Stone‐free rate · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.99, 1.17] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Thromboembolic events · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RD 0 | 1 study · 400 participants | Moderate |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Adverse event · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RD 0 | 1 study · 400 participants | Moderate |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Secondary interventions · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Major surgical complications · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.45, 1.06] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Minor surgical complications · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.73 [0.59, 0.91] | 1 study · 400 participants | Low |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Unplanned hospitalizations or readmissions · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Topical TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Hospital length of stay · Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 400 participants | Moderate |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Stone‐free rate · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.11 [0.98, 1.27] | 4 studies · 603 participants | Low |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Thromboembolic events · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | 0 | 6 studies · 841 participants | Moderate |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Adverse events · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 5.22 [0.52, 52.72] | 4 studies · 602 participants | Low |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Secondary interventions · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.15 [0.84, 1.57] | 2 studies · 319 participants | Low |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Major surgical complications · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.36 [0.21, 0.62] | 5 studies · 733 participants | Moderate |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Minor surgical complications · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 0.71 [0.45, 1.1] | 5 studies · 733 participants | Low |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Unplanned hospitalizations or readmissions · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.55 [0.45, 5.31] | 1 study · 189 participants | Very low |
Systemic TXA vs No TXA (placebo or usual care) Hospital length of stay · percutaneous nephrolithotomy Tranexamic acid for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 1151 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Urologic symptom scoresa · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 360 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Retreatmentf Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3.8 [1.32, 10.93] | 1 study · 81 participants | Moderate |
PAE vs TURP Erectile function Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 81 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Ejaculatory disorders Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.67 [0.45, 0.98] | 1 study · 50 participants | Low |
PAE vs sham Urologic symptom scores · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Moderate |
PAE vs sham Quality of life · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Moderate |
PAE vs sham Major adverse events · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
PAE vs sham Retreatment · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
PAE vs sham Erectile function · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
PAE vs sham Ejaculatory disorders · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 80 participants | Very low |
PAE vs TURP Quality of lifea · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 300 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Major adverse events · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.75 [0.19, 2.97] | 4 studies · 250 participants | Very low |
PAE vs TURP Retreatmenta · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3.2 [1.41, 7.27] | 4 studies · 303 participants | Moderate |
PAE vs TURP Erectile functiona · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 120 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Ejaculatory disordersh · men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggesting benign prostatic hyperplasia Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.51 [0.35, 0.73] | 260 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Urologic symptom scores Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 176 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Quality of life Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 176 participants | Low |
PAE vs TURP Major adverse events Prostatic arterial embolization for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.2, 4.05] | 2 studies · 206 participants | Very low |
NBI + WLC TURBT vs WLC TURBT Time to disease recurrence · transurethral resection of bladder tumors in people with suspected or diagnosed non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Narrow band imaging versus white light cystoscopy alone for transurethral resection of non‐muscle invasive… (2022) · Cochrane | HR 0.63 [0.45, 0.89] | 6 studies · 1244 participants | Low |
NBI + WLC TURBT vs WLC TURBT Time to disease progression · transurethral resection of bladder tumors in people with suspected or diagnosed non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Narrow band imaging versus white light cystoscopy alone for transurethral resection of non‐muscle invasive… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
NBI + WLC TURBT vs WLC TURBT Major adverse event (Clavien‐Dindo grade III, IV, and V) · transurethral resection of bladder tumors in people with suspected or diagnosed non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Narrow band imaging versus white light cystoscopy alone for transurethral resection of non‐muscle invasive… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.77 [0.79, 3.96] | 4 studies · 1385 participants | Low |
NBI + WLC TURBT vs WLC TURBT Time to death from bladder cancer · transurethral resection of bladder tumors in people with suspected or diagnosed non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Narrow band imaging versus white light cystoscopy alone for transurethral resection of non‐muscle invasive… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
NBI + WLC TURBT vs WLC TURBT Minor adverse event (Clavien‐Dindo grade I and II) · transurethral resection of bladder tumors in people with suspected or diagnosed non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer Narrow band imaging versus white light cystoscopy alone for transurethral resection of non‐muscle invasive… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.49, 1.56] | 4 studies · 1385 participants | Low |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate Urologic symptom scores · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 306 participants | Moderate |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs sham treatment Retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.27 [0.08, 0.88] | 2 studies · 82 participants | Low |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs sham treatment Erectile function (sexually‐active men only) · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 375 participants | Very low |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs sham treatment Ejaculatory function (sexually‐active men only) · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 727 participants | Very low |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate Quality of life · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 136 participants | Moderate |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate Major adverse events · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.2 [0.09, 0.43] | 6 studies · 525 participants | Moderate |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate Retreatment Participants requiring additional procedures or surgery · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 7.07 [1.94, 25.82] | 5 studies · 463 participants | Moderate |
Transurethral microwave thermotherapy vs transurethral resection of the prostate Erectile function (sexually‐active men only) · men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign… (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.63 [0.24, 1.63] | 5 studies · 337 participants | Low |