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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,653 questions in 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility
current versionsNo studies 531 · 20%Ungraded 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Statin plus metformin vs metformin alone Adverse effects · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2011 participants | Ungraded |
Statin plus oral contraceptive pill vs oral contraceptive pill alone Resumption of menstrual regularity · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2006 participants | Ungraded |
Statin plus oral contraceptive pill vs oral contraceptive pill alone Resumption of spontaneous ovulation · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2006 participants | Ungraded |
Statin plus oral contraceptive pill vs oral contraceptive pill alone Improvement in hirsutism (Ferriman‐Gallwey score) · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 48 participants | Very low |
Statin plus oral contraceptive pill vs oral contraceptive pill alone Improvement in acne severity · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2006 participants | Ungraded |
Statin plus oral contraceptive pill vs oral contraceptive pill alone Testosterone level (change from baseline in nmol/L) · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 48 participants | Very low |
Statin plus oral contraceptive pill vs oral contraceptive pill alone Adverse effects · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2006 participants | Ungraded |
Statin vs metformin Resumption of menstrual regularity (number of spontaneous menses per 6 months) after 6 months' treatment · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Very low |
Statin vs placebo Resumption of spontaneous ovulation · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Statin vs metformin Resumption of spontaneous ovulation · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Statin vs metformin Improvement in hirsutism (Ferriman‐Gallwey score) after 6 months' treatment · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Very low |
Statin vs metformin Improvement in acne severity (scale of 0–3) after 6 months' treatment · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Very low |
Statin vs metformin Improvement in testosterone level (nmol/L) after 6 months' treatment · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 61 participants | Very low |
Statin vs metformin Adverse effects · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Statin vs oral contraceptive pill plus flutamide Resumption of menstrual regularity · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2016 participants | Ungraded |
Statin vs oral contraceptive pill plus flutamide Resumption of spontaneous ovulation · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2016 participants | Ungraded |
Statin vs oral contraceptive pill plus flutamide Improvement in hirsutism · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2016 participants | Ungraded |
Statin vs oral contraceptive pill plus flutamide Improvement in acne severity · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2016 participants | Ungraded |
Statin vs oral contraceptive pill plus flutamide Improvement in testosterone level. · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2016 participants | Ungraded |
Statin vs placebo Improvement in hirsutism · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Statin vs oral contraceptive pill plus flutamide Adverse effects · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2016 participants | Ungraded |
Statin vs placebo Improvement in acne severity · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Statin vs placebo Improvement in testosterone level (nmol/L) · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Very low |
Statin vs placebo Adverse effects · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 2 participants | Ungraded |
Statin plus metformin vs metformin alone Resumption of menstrual regularity (spontaneous menses per 6 months) · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 69 participants | Very low |
Statin plus metformin vs metformin alone Resumption of spontaneous ovulation · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2011 participants | Ungraded |
Statin plus metformin vs metformin alone Improvement in hirsutism (Ferriman‐Gallwey score) after 6 months' treatment · women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive Statins for women with polycystic ovary syndrome not actively trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 69 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs control (no antibiotics) Live birth rate (LBR) · embryo transfer (ET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART) Antibiotics prior to or at the time of embryo transfer in ART (2023) · Cochrane | OR 0.48 [0.1, 2.23] | 1 study · 27 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs control (no antibiotics) Clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) · embryo transfer (ET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART) Antibiotics prior to or at the time of embryo transfer in ART (2023) · Cochrane | OR 1.01 [0.67, 1.55] | 2 studies · 377 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs control (no antibiotics) Genital tract colonization · embryo transfer (ET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART) Antibiotics prior to or at the time of embryo transfer in ART (2023) · Cochrane | OR 0.59 [0.37, 0.95] | 1 study · 284 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs control (no antibiotics) Miscarriage · embryo transfer (ET) in assisted reproductive technology (ART) Antibiotics prior to or at the time of embryo transfer in ART (2023) · Cochrane | OR 4.04 [0.15, 108.57] | 1 study · 27 participants | Low |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention Estrogen aloneSexual function score measured by MENQoL sexual subscore (higher score = better sexual functioning); GCS sexual subscore (higher score = worse sexual functioning and for analysis, the scoring direction was reversed); and MSQ (higher ... · symptomatic or early postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 699 participants | Moderate |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention SERMs + estrogen Sexual function score measured by MENQoL sexual subscore (higher score = better sexual functioning) · unselected postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 272 participants | Very low |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention Estrogen + progestogens · symptomatic or early postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention Synthetic steroids Sexual function score measured by WHQ sexual subscore (higher score = better sexual functioning) · symptomatic or early postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 883 participants | Very low |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention SERMs Composite sexual function score measured by AESEX scale (higher score = worse sexual functioning and for analysis, the scoring direction was reversed) · symptomatic or early postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 215 participants | Very low |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention SERMs + estrogen Composite sexual function score measured by ASEX scale (higher score = worse sexual functioning and for analysis, the scoring direction was reversed) · symptomatic or early postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 542 participants | Very low |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention Estrogen alone Sexual function score measured by FSFI (higher score = better sexual functioning); WHQ sexual subscore (higher score = better sexual functioning); MENQoL sexual subscore (higher score = better sexual functioning) · unselected postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 608 participants | Moderate |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention Estrogen + progestogens Sexual function score measured by WHQ sexual subscore (higher score = better sexual functioning) · unselected postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 104 participants | Very low |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention Synthetic steroids Sexual function score measured by FSFI; WHQ sexual subscore (higher score = better sexual functioning) · unselected postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 105 participants | Very low |
Hormonal therapy vs placebo or no intervention SERMs Sexual function score measured by FSFI (higher score = better sexual functioning) · unselected postmenopausal womena Hormone therapy for sexual function in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1525 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Live birth rate · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.36 [1.02, 1.81] | 1 study · 844 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Pregnancy rate (clinical or positive urine pregnancy test) · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.08 [0.89, 1.3] | 3 studies · 262 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Time to pregnancy · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | HR 0.86 [0.53, 1.38] | 1 study · 140 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Quality of life – not reported · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse events · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | MD 1.98 | 1 study · 77 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Clinical pregnancy rate · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.51, 2.31] | 1 study · 148 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pregnancy rate(clinical pregnancy or urine pregnancy test) · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [1.09, 1.5] | 4 studies · 2202 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Time to pregnancy · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | OR 1.77 [0.1, 3.2] | 2 studies · 2 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Quality of life · couples trying to conceive Timed intercourse for couples trying to conceive (2023) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 210 participants | Very low |