Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

94 questions · 109 findings · 9 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

No studies found 20 · 18.3%GRADE not reported 8 · 7.3%Very low 55 · 50.5%Low 17 · 15.6%Moderate 4 · 3.7%High 5 · 4.6%

Summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) vs not surgery (cast only)

Physical function · children with displaced distal radius fracture with intact or involved or displaced ulna fracture (both‐bone fracture)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) vs not surgery (cast only)

'Treatment failure': various secondary procedures such as remanipulation for early loss of position; early or more complex wire removal ( · children with displaced distal radius fracture with intact or involved or displaced ulna fracture (both‐bone fracture)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) changes 'Treatment failure': various secondary procedures such as… compared with not surgery (cast only) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) vs not surgery (cast only)

Serious adverse events (typically more serious complications) ( · children with displaced distal radius fracture with intact or involved or displaced ulna fracture (both‐bone fracture)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) changes serious adverse events (typically more serious complications) ( compared with not surgery (cast only) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) vs not surgery (cast only)

Minor complications (less serious).j Here represented by referral for physical therapy for range of motion limitation (post‐immobilisation after 4 weeks) · children with displaced distal radius fracture with intact or involved or displaced ulna fracture (both‐bone fracture)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings. Surgery (percutaneous wire fixation) changes minor complications (less serious).j Here represented by referral… compared with not surgery (cast only) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs placebo

Muscle soreness · mainly physically active individuals1 partaking in exercise2 designed to produce delayed onset muscle soreness

Summary of findings: antioxidants showed no clear difference in muscle soreness compared with placebo (low certainty).

5 findings from 1 review
Show 2 more findings

Summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise changes rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: 3D (dance) exercise changes number of people who experienced one or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: exercise (all types) leads to lower rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: resistance exercises vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: resistance exercises changes rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: resistance exercises vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: resistance exercises changes number of people who experienced 1 or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: exercise (all types) leads to lower number of people who experienced one or more falls compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experience a fall that required hospital admission · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: exercise (all types) changes number of people who experienced one of more falls that resulted in… compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experience a fall that required medical attention · Older people living in the community (trials focusing on people recently discharged from hospital were not included)

Summary of findings: exercise (all types) may leads to lower number of people who experienced one or more falls that required… compared with control (e.g. usual activities) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review