Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

84 questions · 87 findings · 23 reviews · ENT

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No studies found 21 · 24.1%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 29 · 33.3%Low 26 · 29.9%Moderate 11 · 12.6%High 0 · 0%

Intervention not reported

Anxiety and depression disorders · adults over 18 years with tinnitus

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Zinc supplementation for tinnitus 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Therapeutic swallowing exercises vs treatment

Aspiration Scored as present, trace or absent, for any consistency 5 months post‐treatment · adults with advanced head and neck cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic exercises for affecting post‐treatment swallowing in people treated for advanced‐stage head and neck cancers 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Very low

Therapeutic swallowing exercises vs treatment

Penetration Scored as present, trace or absent, for any consistency 5 months post‐treatment · adults with advanced head and neck cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Therapeutic exercises for affecting post‐treatment swallowing in people treated for advanced‐stage head and neck cancers 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events, complications and morbidity associated with (adeno)tonsillectomy and comparators Expressed as the proportion of children experiencing adverse events [12 months] · children with obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing

1 finding from 1 review

Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non‐surgical management for obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing in… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 73 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Adverse events, complications and morbidity associated with (adeno)tonsillectomy and comparators Expressed as the proportion of children experiencing a serious adverse event [7 months] · children with obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing

1 finding from 1 review

Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non‐surgical management for obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing in… 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 397 participants
Moderate

Hearing aid vs sound generator

Generalised depression ‐ not measured · patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co‐existing hearing loss 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intranasal steroid spray vs placebo or no intervention

Other adverse effects · people with olfactory dysfunction for less than 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Very low

Intranasal steroid drops vs placebo

Serious adverse effects · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intranasal steroid drops vs placebo

Change in sense of smell · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intranasal steroid drops vs placebo

Change in taste · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intranasal steroid drops vs placebo

Disease‐related quality of life · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intranasal steroid drops vs placebo

Other adverse effects · participants with olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 for ≤ 15 days

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intranasal steroid spray vs placebo or no intervention

Serious adverse events · people with olfactory dysfunction for less than 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Very low

Intranasal steroid spray vs placebo or no intervention

Change in sense of smell · people with olfactory dysfunction for less than 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

3 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Very low
Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Very low
Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Low

Intranasal steroid spray vs placebo or no intervention

Change in taste · people with olfactory dysfunction for less than 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intranasal steroid spray vs placebo or no intervention

Disease‐related quality of life · people with olfactory dysfunction for less than 4 weeks following COVID‐19 infection

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the prevention of persistent post‐COVID‐19 olfactory dysfunction 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Sternocleidomastoid muscle flap vs no flap

Incidence rate of Frey's syndrome assessed clinically · patients undergoing parotidectomy

It is very uncertain whether sternocleidomastoid muscle flap changes incidence rate of Frey's syndrome assessed clinically compared with no flap (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Graft interposition for preventing Frey's syndrome in patients undergoing parotidectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.08
2 studies · 60 participants
Very low

Sternocleidomastoid muscle flap vs no flap

Other complications As measured by: clinical methods and subjective perception · patients undergoing parotidectomy

Sternocleidomastoid muscle flap showed no clear difference in other complications As measured by: clinical methods and subjective… compared with no flap (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Graft interposition for preventing Frey's syndrome in patients undergoing parotidectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.18 [0.09, 50.16]
1 study · 36 participants
Low

Sternocleidomastoid muscle flap vs no flap

Incidence rate of Frey's syndrome assessed by participants · patients undergoing parotidectomy

Sternocleidomastoid muscle flap showed no clear difference in incidence rate of Frey's syndrome assessed by participants compared with no flap (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Graft interposition for preventing Frey's syndrome in patients undergoing parotidectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.63 [0.32, 1.26]
1 study · 36 participants
Low

Acellular dermal matrix grafts (ADMG) vs control

Incidence rate of Frey's syndrome assessed clinically · patients undergoing parotidectomy

It is very uncertain whether acellular dermal matrix changes incidence rate of Frey's syndrome assessed clinically compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Graft interposition for preventing Frey's syndrome in patients undergoing parotidectomy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.08 [0, 1.25]
1 study · 30 participants
Very low