Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

458 questions · 466 findings · 48 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 87 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 82 · 17.6%Very low 153 · 32.8%Low 111 · 23.8%Moderate 19 · 4.1%High 14 · 3%

CHLORPROMAZINE vs placebo

Behaviour: deteriorated/ disturbed/un‐cooperative · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether CHLORPROMAZINE changes behaviour: deteriorated/ disturbed/un‐cooperative compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Global state: clinically significant response in global state ‐ by long term ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Mental state: 2. Specific‐ Positive symptoms, total score‐ average endpoint scores (SADS‐C‐PD scale, lower = better) · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Mental state: average score for negative symptoms ‐ by short term Manchester Scale, negative subset endpoint. Scale from: 0 to 20. · patients with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Mental state: average score for depressive and anxious symptoms ‐ by medium term ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Quality of life: average score ‐ by long term ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Severe adverse effects ‐ medium term ‐ not reported · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

SULPIRIDE vs placebo

Safety assessments ‐ medium term ‐ not measured · patients with schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs placebo

Global state ‐ clinical improvement ‐ medium term As defined by each study · patients with schizophrenia

TRIFLUOPERAZINE may leads to higher global state ‐ clinical improvement ‐ medium term As defined by each… compared with PLACEBO (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs placebo

Global state ‐ relapse or worsening ‐ medium term Numbers of participants experiencing relapse/worsening · patients with schizophrenia

TRIFLUOPERAZINE may leads to lower global state ‐ relapse or worsening ‐ medium term Numbers of… compared with PLACEBO (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs placebo

Mental state ‐ any clinically significant response in psychotic symptoms (as defined by each study) ‐ medium term Numbers of participants experiencing 'intensified symptoms' · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether TRIFLUOPERAZINE changes mental state ‐ any clinically significant response in psychotic… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs placebo

Leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether TRIFLUOPERAZINE changes leaving the study early ‐ any reason ‐ medium term Number of… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs placebo

Severe adverse effects ‐ short term Numbers of participants leaving the studies due to severe adverse effects · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether TRIFLUOPERAZINE changes severe adverse effects ‐ short term Numbers of participants leaving… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TRIFLUOPERAZINE vs placebo

Behaviour ‐ any clinically significant agitation or distress ‐ medium term As defined by each study · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether TRIFLUOPERAZINE changes behaviour ‐ any clinically significant agitation or distress ‐… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

Global state: no overall improvement (psychiatrist ‐ rated) · patients with schizophrenia

HALOPERIDOL probably leads to lower overall improvement: No marked global improvement Rated by clinician compared with PLACEBO (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL vs placebo

Not discharged from hospital · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether HALOPERIDOL changes not discharged from hospital compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review