Higher‐dose may leads to higher treatment withdrawals ‐ 42/44 mg versus 21/22 mg (24‐hour patches) compared with lower‐dose nicotine patch (low certainty).
Higher‐dose showed no clear difference in treatment withdrawals ‐ 21 mg versus 14 mg (24‐hour patches) compared with lower‐dose nicotine patch (low certainty).
Combination showed no clear difference in overall serious adverse events compared with single‐form nicotine replacement therapy (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether combination changes treatment withdrawals compared with single‐form nicotine replacement therapy (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether longer changes smoking cessation ‐ 16 weeks versus 8 weeks compared with shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy (very low certainty).
Longer showed no clear difference in smoking cessation ‐ 6 weeks versus 2 weeks compared with shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether longer changes overall SAEs ‐ 26 weeks versus 8 weeks compared with shorter duration of combination nicotine replacement therapy (very low certainty).
Varenicline leads to higher smoking abstinence at longest compared with placebo or no medication (high certainty).
Cytisine showed no clear difference in SAEs compared with varenicline (low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
Varenicline leads to higher smoking abstinence at longest compared with bupropion (high certainty).
Varenicline showed no clear difference in SAEs compared with bupropion (low certainty).
Varenicline showed no clear difference in neuropsychiatric SAEs compared with bupropion (low certainty).
Varenicline probably leads to higher SAEs (varenicline vs placebo or no medication) compared with placebo or no medication (moderate certainty).
Varenicline showed no clear difference in cardiac SAEs compared with bupropion (low certainty).