Cochrane · systematic review · CD006103

Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation

Livingstone-Banks, J, Fanshawe, TR, Thomas, KH, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2023 · Cochrane Library

Tobacco Addiction3 versionsAMSTAR 2: not assessed

SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.

Questions

32

current version

GRADE rated

21

No studies

6

Included studies

NR

No studies 6 · 18.8%Ungraded 5 · 15.6%Very low 2 · 6.3%Low 14 · 43.8%Moderate 2 · 6.3%High 3 · 9.4%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Questions and results

Show all 3 versions

Varenicline versus placebo or no medication for smoking cessation

Population: people who smoke tobacco

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Varenicline vs placebo or no medication	RR 2.32 [2.15, 2.51]	41 studies · 17395 participants	High
SAEs (varenicline vs placebo or no medication) Varenicline vs placebo or no medication	RR 1.23 [1.01, 1.48]	26 studies · 14356 participants	Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency
Neuropsychiatric SAEs (varenicline vs placebo or no medication) Varenicline vs placebo or no medication	RR 0.89 [0.61, 1.29]	22 studies · 7846 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency
Cardiac SAEs (varenicline vs placebo or no medication) Varenicline vs placebo or no medication	RR 1.2 [0.79, 1.84]	18 studies · 7151 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency

Cytisine versus placebo or no medication for smoking cessation

Population: people who smoke tobacco

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Cytisine vs placebo or no medication	RR 1.3 [1.15, 1.47]	4 studies · 4623 participants	Moderate Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency
SAEs (cytisine vs placebo or no medication) Cytisine vs placebo or no medication	RR 1.04 [0.78, 1.37]	3 studies · 3781 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency
Neuropsychiatric SAEs (cytisine vs placebo or no medication) Cytisine vs placebo or no medication	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Cardiac SAEs (cytisine vs placebo or no medication) Cytisine vs placebo or no medication	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies

Cytisine versus varenicline for smoking cessation

Population: people who smoke tobacco

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Cytisine vs varenicline	RR 1 [0.79, 1.26]	2 studies · 2131 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency
SAEs Cytisine vs varenicline	RR 0.67 [0.44, 1.03]	2 studies · 2017 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency
Neuropsychiatric SAEs Cytisine vs varenicline	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Cardiac SAEs Cytisine vs varenicline	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies

Cytisine versus nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation

Population: people who smoke tobacco

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Cytisine vs nicotine replacement therapy	RR 1.43 [1.13, 1.8]	1 study · 1310 participants	Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision
SAEs Cytisine vs nicotine replacement therapy	RR 1.15 [0.76, 1.75]	1 study · 1310 participants	Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision
Neuropsychiatric SAEs Cytisine vs nicotine replacement therapy	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Cardiac SAEs Cytisine vs nicotine replacement therapy	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies

Varenicline versus bupropion for smoking cessation

Population: people who smoke tobacco

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Varenicline vs bupropion	RR 1.36 [1.25, 1.49]	9 studies · 7560 participants	High
SAEs Varenicline vs bupropion	RR 0.89 [0.61, 1.31]	5 studies · 5317 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision
Neuropsychiatric SAEs Varenicline vs bupropion	RR 1.05 [0.16, 7.04]	2 studies · 866 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision
Cardiac SAEs Varenicline vs bupropion	RR 3.17 [0.33, 30.18]	2 studies · 866 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision

Varenicline versus nicotine replacement therapy monotherapy for smoking cessation

Population: people who smoke tobacco

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Varenicline vs nicotine replacement therapy monotherapy	RR 1.25 [1.14, 1.37]	11 studies · 7572 participants	High
SAEs Varenicline vs nicotine replacement therapy monotherapy	RR 0.7 [0.5, 0.99]	6 studies · 6535 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision
Neuropsychiatric SAEs Varenicline vs nicotine replacement therapy monotherapy	no estimate extracted	1 study · 137 participants	Ungraded
Cardiac SAEs Varenicline vs nicotine replacement therapy monotherapy	no estimate extracted	1 study · 137 participants	Ungraded

Varenicline versus combination nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation

Population: people who smoke tobacco

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Varenicline vs combination nicotine replacement therapy	RR 1.02 [0.87, 1.2]	5 studies · 2344 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision
SAEs Varenicline vs combination nicotine replacement therapy	RR 2.15 [0.49, 9.46]	4 studies · 1852 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision
Neuropsychiatric SAEs Varenicline vs combination nicotine replacement therapy	RR 4.69 [0.23, 96.5]	2 studies · 764 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision
Cardiac SAEs Varenicline vs combination nicotine replacement therapy	RR 0.32 [0.01, 7.88]	2 studies · 819 participants	Low Downgraded: imprecision

Varenicline versus e‐cigarettes for smoking cessation

Population: people who continued to smoke tobacco following acute coronary syndrome

4 questions

Outcome	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Smoking abstinence at longest Varenicline vs e‐cigarettes	RR 3.25 [1.21, 8.71]	1 study · 54 participants	Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision
SAEs Varenicline vs e‐cigarettes	no estimate extracted	1 study · 54 participants	Ungraded
Neuropsychiatric SAEs Varenicline vs e‐cigarettes	no estimate extracted	1 study · 54 participants	Ungraded
Cardiac SAEs Varenicline vs e‐cigarettes	no estimate extracted	1 study · 54 participants	Ungraded