Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

76 questions · 79 findings · 13 reviews

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No studies found 17 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 43 · 54.4%Low 14 · 17.7%Moderate 5 · 6.3%High 0 · 0%

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs no intervention

Anxiety (trait) · people with irritable bowel syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 82 participants
Very low

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

Composite Primary Symptom Reduction Score (CPSR) Scale from: ‐100 to 100 Higher score = better · people with irritable bowel syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

Clinical response · people with irritable bowel syndrome

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) changes clinical response compared with attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.1 [0.72, 1.69]
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

QoL · people with irritable bowel syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

Adverse events (AE) · people with irritable bowel syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

SAEs · people with irritable bowel syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

Abdominal pain · people with irritable bowel syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

Depression · people with irritable bowel syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

Anxiety (state) · people with irritable bowel syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

Multi‐component psychological intervention (with biofeedback) vs attention control

Anxiety (trait) · people with irritable bowel syndrome

1 finding from 1 review

Biofeedback for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 80 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Multi‐component, counselling‐based interventions · people who smoke and are involved in the care of young children (birth to 12 years of age)

1 finding from 1 review

Family and carer smoking control programmes for reducing children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 2880 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Multi‐component, counselling‐based interventions · people who smoke and are involved in the care of young children (birth to 12 years of age)

1 finding from 1 review

Family and carer smoking control programmes for reducing children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 8005 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Multi‐component, education‐based interventions · people who smoke and are involved in the care of young children (birth to 12 years of age)

1 finding from 1 review

Family and carer smoking control programmes for reducing children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 1401 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Multi‐component, counselling‐based interventions · people who smoke and are involved in the care of young children (birth to 12 years of age)

1 finding from 1 review

Family and carer smoking control programmes for reducing children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 746 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Multi‐component, education‐based interventions · people who smoke and are involved in the care of young children (birth to 12 years of age)

1 finding from 1 review

Family and carer smoking control programmes for reducing children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 2936 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Salt intake in grams per day ‐ subset of initiatives that are multi‐component and incorporate activities of a structural nature (n = 7 countries) · ‐level interventions in national government jurisdictions to reduce sodium consumption

1 finding from 1 review

Population‐level interventions in government jurisdictions for dietary sodium reduction 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 34227 participants
Very low