Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in serious adverse events compared with beclometasone (low certainty).
Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in total adverse events compared with beclometasone (low certainty).
Tacrolimus showed no clear difference in clinical remission compared with beclometasone (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether ciprofloxacin changes clinical remission compared with metronidazole (very low certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
It is very uncertain whether ciprofloxacin changes adverse events compared with metronidazole (very low certainty).
5‐ASA showed no clear difference in clinical relapse compared with purine antimetabolites (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether 5‐ASA changes endoscopic recurrence compared with purine antimetabolites (very low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether 5‐ASA changes radiologic relapse compared with purine antimetabolites (very low certainty).
5‐ASA showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with purine antimetabolites (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether 5‐ASA changes serious adverse events compared with purine antimetabolites (very low certainty).
5‐ASA may leads to lower withdrawal due to adverse events compared with purine antimetabolites (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether 5‐ASA changes health related quality of life compared with purine antimetabolites (very low certainty).
Chemoradiotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemoradiotherapy plus surgery (high certainty).
Chemoradiotherapy probably leads to lower freedom from locoregional relapse compared with chemoradiotherapy plus surgery (moderate certainty).
Chemoradiotherapy may leads to higher treatment‐related mortality compared with chemoradiotherapy plus surgery (low certainty).
Chemoradiotherapy may leads to lower use of salvage procedures for dysphagia compared with chemoradiotherapy plus surgery (low certainty).