Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

119 questions · 122 findings · 18 reviews · Common Mental Disorders

No studies found 29 · 23.8%GRADE not reported 12 · 9.8%Very low 39 · 32%Low 28 · 23%Moderate 14 · 11.5%High 0 · 0%

CBT vs WAIT LIST

Remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT analysis) i.e. no longer meeting criteria for DSM or ICD anxiety diagnosis at the end of the trial. · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT probably leads to higher remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT analysis) i.e. no longer meeting… compared with wait‐list (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs active control

Remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT analysis) i.e. no longer meeting criteria for DSM or ICD anxiety diagnosis at the end of the trial. · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT showed no clear difference in remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT) analysis i.e. no longer meeting… compared with active controls (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT vs treatment

Remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT analysis) i.e. no longer meeting criteria for DSM or ICD anxiety diagnosis at the end of the trial. · children and adolescents with anxiety disorders

CBT showed no clear difference in remission of anxiety diagnoses (ITT analysis) i.e. no longer meeting… compared with treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Achieved recovery according to predetermined criteria (no longer meeting criteria for depression on K‐SADS or meeting a priori criteria for response on a depression checklist, assessed between 4 and 10 weeks of onset of treatment) · children and adolescents with depression

The intervention showed no clear difference in achieved recovery according to predetermined criteria (no longer… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs control

Symptoms of depression (long‐term) different scales · depression in adults
1 finding from 1 review
  • Exercise for depression 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    no estimate extracted
    8 studies · 377 participants
    Low

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Incidence of depression ‐ post‐intervention: 0 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether psychological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ post‐intervention: 0 months compared with treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Incidence of depression ‐ short‐term: < 6 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ short‐term: < 6 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Incidence of depression ‐ medium term: 6‐12 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ medium‐term: 6‐12 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to adverse events: post‐intervention compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Acceptability · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to any cause: post‐intervention compared with placebo (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Incidence of depression ‐ short term: < 6 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether psychological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ short term: < 6 months compared with treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions vs treatment

Acceptability · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

Psychological interventions may leads to higher acceptability ‐ drop‐outs due to any cause: post‐intervention compared with treatment (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Incidence of depression ‐ post‐intervention: 0 months · adults with long‐term physical conditions (18 years or older)

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes incidence of depression ‐ post‐intervention: 0 months compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review