Repeat positive urine culture · primary VUR
Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics showed no clear difference in repeat positive urine cultures by 4 to 5 years: surgical correction… compared with antibiotics alone (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to next exacerbation · adults and children with cystic fibrosis (during acute exacerbations of lung disease)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life · adults and children with cystic fibrosis (during acute exacerbations of lung disease)
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
FEV1 % predicted: absolute change from baseline · adults and children with cystic fibrosis (during acute exacerbations of lung disease)
1 finding from 1 review
FVC (% predicted) Change from baseline · adults and children with cystic fibrosis (during acute exacerbations of lung disease)
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ pain at 24 hours · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in pain ‐ pain at 24 hours compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ pain at 2 to 3 days · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics leads to lower pain ‐ pain at 2 to 3 days compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ pain at 4 to 7 days · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in pain ‐ pain at 4 to 7 days compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ pain at 10 to 12 days · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics probably leads to lower pain ‐ pain at 10 to 12 days compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Vomiting, diarrhoea or rash · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics leads to higher vomiting, diarrhoea or rash compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Abnormal tympanometry ‐ 2 to 4 weeks · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics leads to lower abnormal tympanometry ‐ 2 to 4 weeks compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Abnormal tympanometry ‐ 3 months · children with acute otitis media
Antibiotics showed no clear difference in abnormal tympanometry ‐ 3 months compared with placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical efficacy (RR > 1 is favored) · Participants with acute bacterial conjunctivitis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 participants
Moderate
Microbiological efficacy (RR > 1 favored) · Participants with acute bacterial conjunctivitis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
8 participants
Moderate
Treatment incompletion (RR < 1 favored) · Participants with acute bacterial conjunctivitis
Antibiotics probably leads to lower treatment incompletion (RR < 1 favored) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Persistent clinical infection after one course of treatment (RR < 1 favored) · Participants with acute bacterial conjunctivitis
Antibiotics probably leads to lower persistent clinical infection after one course of treatment (RR < 1… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cost‐effectiveness of treatment · Participants with acute bacterial conjunctivitis
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Treatment‐associated ocular complications (RR < 1 or RD ≤ 0 favored) · Participants with acute bacterial conjunctivitis
It is very uncertain whether antibiotics changes treatment‐associated ocular complications (RR < 1 or RD ≤ 0 favored) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Treatment‐associated systemic complications (RR < 1 favored) · Participants with acute bacterial conjunctivitis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Hearing ‐ return to normal *Ventilation tubes versus laser myringotomy (6 to 12 months ‐ medium‐term) Adjusted for non‐independence of within‐individual measurements Assumed ICC of 0.5 № of participants: 132 (2 RCTs) · children aged 6 months to 12 years with otitis media with effusion (OME)
It is very uncertain whether antibiotics changes hearing ‐ return to normal hearing (as complete improvement in… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review